Personal Growth And Development Through Your Leadership...

Describe a specific example(s) of your personal growth and development through your leadership experiences in college. See the help text for additional direction. Through my leadership experiences at SCSU, I have grown into a strong, independent, and courage woman. This past spring semester, I took the opportunity to apply and be accepted to present at M.E.Ch.A.’s national conference about my independent studies course that I developed. I never imagined to share my cultural experiences on that level and have professors comment afterward about how they enjoy my presentation. There have been opportunities where I was able to discuss with administrators among other students and our concerns on campus issues facing students of color directly to them. I have met strong, academic leaders and students at conferences that have exposed me to love and embrace my cultural identity, indigenous roots, femininity, strength, and personal struggles. The education program gave me the opportunity to continue learning in another location for student teaching, which again has exposed me to new experiences, people, environments, and academic challenges. I n o longer view challenges as obstacles, rather I view them as tests to help me remember how worth it, the path I am on and pursing, is to me. When I first started my freshman year in fall 2012, I could have never imagined that I would do and come as far as I have. I remember when I began this journey, I said to myself that I would graduateShow MoreRelatedSelf Awareness And Environmental Influence1600 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluential and area of class I saw the most growth in myself was during the days I led class discussion. The first topic I had the pleasure of presenting to the class was on self-awareness. Leading discussions allowed me to really comprehend the material and I learned a lot from these experiences. The two topics that I gained the most knowledge in came from the discussions and the topics were self-awareness and environmental influence. Additionally, I saw growth in my understanding of the topics relatingRead MoreThe Most Influential Area Of Class1628 Words   |  7 Pagesmost influential area of class that I saw the most growth in myself was during the days I led class discussion. The first topic I had the pleasure of presenting to the class was on self-awareness. Leading discussions allowed me to really comprehend the material and I learned a lot from these experiences. The other topic that I gained the most knowledge in came from the discussions and that topic was environmental influence. Additionally, I saw growth in my understanding of the topics relating to familyRead MoreModule 7 : Leadership Development1528 Words   |  7 PagesMODULE 7: LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT Leader development and leadership development is important from both a personal and an organizational aspect. (Hackman Johnson, 2013) states that, â€Å"Leader development promotes personal growth† and â€Å"Leadership development promotes organizational growth†. Leader development is an ongoing process that continues throughout life. Because leadership skills can be learned and/or developed, as you take on different leadership roles and other leadership opportunitiesRead MorePersonal Growth Is The Most Important Factor Of My Development Plan1071 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal growth is the most important factor of my development plan at my current stage in life. Due to the increased competitive nature of young up and comers I feel that I may be limited for opportunities and advancement. Creating an in-depth leadership development plan will assist me in building up on my leadership skills and abilities. Although this leadership development plan is only a guideline, the real learning process is an ongoing journey. It’s a mark of respect and fairness to includeRead MoreLeadership Analysis : Joan Gallos Compiles A Collection Of Authors That Examines The Integral Parts Of Leadership Essay1122 Words   |  5 Pagesthat examines the integral parts of leadership. Gallos constructed the work to assist leaders with leadership development. The book is divided into five parts that seek to equip leaders with tools and information to enhance a leader’s success. The five-part arrangement consist: Framing the issue, leadership preparation, anticipating challenges, making it happen, and sustaining the leader. Hence, integrating the concepts presented will improve a leader’s development and will increase the effectivenessRead MoreOrganizational Challenges At Ch2m Hill1505 Words   |  7 Pagescompany faced due to acquisition growth, high voluntary employee turnover, and the lack of employee training or internal candidates to staff ke y leadership positions. CH2M’s Chief Learning Officer, Jan Walstrom, tackled these issues over a course of eighteen months, and this case study reflects the impacts to the organization, her results, and a self-personal reflection of a career at CH2M. Challenges Faced by CH2M Leadership The challenges CH2M leadership faced was they were not growing theirRead MoreWhat Does Leadership Coaching Mean? Essay1554 Words   |  7 Pagesmethod in the business world: Leadership Coaching. In the US, corporations spent nearly $14 billion on coaching and the practice is widely used across the globe. So, what does leadership coaching mean? In this guide, we’ll explore the essence of leadership coaching, what is looks like in practice and the benefits it can have to individuals, but also organisations. Furthermore, we’ll also examine how the process can boost your career development and whether you can advance your career by enrolling in theseRead MoreTransformational Leadership As A Transformational Leader1673 Words   |  7 Pagestransformational leadership as my style of leadership with the staff that I work with. There are many approaches I can use to implement this style, as well as many ways that I can share my leadership vision for leading in the healthcare environment. This leadership vision is influenced by previous leaders in my career, and a current leader today. By evaluating my strengths and limitations, I am able to evaluate opportunities for leadership and professional growth. Personal Leadership Style and ApproachesRead MoreThe Five Levels Of Leadership Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesLevels Of Leadership By Nick Pollice Jun 30, 2011 Becoming an effective leader is a lot like being in the stock market. You don t make your fortune in a day; you make it daily, a little bit at a time. What matters most is what you do day after day, over the long haul. The secret to leadership success is investing in your leadership development, much like letting your assets compound. The final result is Leadership Growth over time. Leaders aren t born; their made. The process of leadership is longRead More5 Levels of Leadership998 Words   |  4 PagesLEVELS OF LEADERSHIP. ‘an adaptation from the work of John Maxwell the leadership skills of Darek Nowakowski† Becoming an effective leader is a lot like being in the stock market. You don’t make your fortune in a day; you make it daily, a little bit at a time. What matters most is what you do day after day, over the long haul. The secret to leadership success is investing in your leadership development, much like letting your assets compound. The final result is â€Å"Leadership Growth† over time

The Effect Wine Causes On Ones Health And Weight

Often times, when new information arises in today’s society, it is very likely for facts to be altered as it translates from the original scientific study to a broad mass media article while attempting to appeal to the target audience. I recently came across a medical study regarding the effects wine causes on one’s health and weight. This article was geared towards health professionals and was based upon extensive research and studies. However, this information was slightly altered as it went to a newspaper article in order to appeal to the general public. The information was even further distorted when it appeared on a mass media article which was designed to entice college students. These accommodations were made to attract a certain audience from each article; therefore, the information present in the scientific study is entirely different from the information found in the mass media article. One of the major concerns about drinking wine is the possibility of weight gain; because wine has fewer calories than other types of alcohol, many people are interested in the possibility that wine may be the healthier option. According to a scientific study found in a health journal titled, Drinking Plenty of Wine Won’t Help You Lose Weight, it is said that â€Å"drinking plenty of red wine will not lead you to lose weight- if anything the opposite will occur. A standard bottle of red wine contains around 570 calories, which is more than what is found in two McDonald’s hamburgers†Show MoreRelatedHealth Benefits of Red Wine2624 Words   |  11 Pagesconsumption of red wine is a much more healthful drink compared to all other alcoholic beverages. This paper examines red wine and the daily consumption of red wine as a health related behavior. The paper proposes that the daily consumption of red wine is a health benefit for individuals in that it lowers the risk of heart disease, prevents the development of Alzheimer’s disease, and slows the aging process. There are some reservations regarding the daily consumption of red wine such as the riskRead MoreDark Chocolate1516 Words   |  7 Pagescontains many of the health benefits of dark vegetables. These benefits are from flavonoids, which act as antioxidants. Antioxidants protect the body from aging caused by free radicals, which can cause damage that leads to heart disease. Dark chocolate contains a large number of antioxidants (nearly 8 times the number found in strawberries). Flavonoids also help relax blood pressure through the production of nitric oxide, and balance certain hormones in the body. Heart Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate:Read MoreEffects Of Alcohol On The Nervous System Essay2422 Words   |  10 PagesEffects of Alcohol On the Nervous System Someone is sitting at a restaurant bar. A waitress walks over handing out free shots, so he takes one. One leads to two, two leads to three, and so on. Before he realizes it, he is talking louder than ever, tripping over his own feet, and causing a scene. Toward the end of the night, he walks into someone’s table, as he is heading out of the restaurant, knocking over their meals. He tries to say something, but all that comes out is mumbling. The next morningRead MoreAdult Body : The Span Of A Human Life Essay1642 Words   |  7 Pages2000-2200 male 19-30 31-50 51-65 2400-2600 2200-2400 2000-2200 2600-2800 2400-2600 2400 3000 2800-3000 2600-2800 Adapted from Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 Report. Based on Estimates Energy Requirements (EER) using reference heights and weights from the Institute of medicine. Dietary Reference Intake for Energy, Carbohydrate, fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids. Washington (DC): The national Academies Press; 2002. Macronutrient Distribution Range for adult (TheRead MoreEffects Of Caffeine On The Consumption Of Caffeine1511 Words   |  7 Pageswell as tea. For example millions of people all around the world consume coffee on a daily basis.  Due to the large consumption of caffeine, both the negative and positive side effects of consuming it have been well researched and documented.  However  the long term effects are much more significant,  the short term side effects of caffeine may not appear to be as extreme. The regulation of caffeine consumption is crucial in order to guarantee that one does not become dependent on it, and to ensure thatRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs Should Be Banned1645 Words   |  7 Pageshave been convicted of substance abuse to improve physical performance. However, this is not the case. According to Claudia Reardon and Shane Creado (2014), â€Å"Ancient Greek Olympic athletes dating back to the third century BC used various brandy and wine concoctio ns and ate hallucinogenic mushrooms and sesame seeds to enhance performance† (History of Doping in Athletes, para. 1). Such substances such as alcohol and even everyday foods were used in the early Ancient Greek times for athletes to performRead MoreEssay on The Dangerous Effects of Alcohol1597 Words   |  7 PagesGetting drunk and even blacking out can lead to many problems. When alcohol is consumed in unhealthy amounts, it can lead to not only short-term effects, but long-term ones as well. Many people could tell you what alcohol will do to you. Blurred vision, memory loss, slurred speech, difficulty walking, and slow reaction times are all very common side effects depending on how much one consumes (National Institute on Alcohol abuse, 2004). To most, there is nothing wrong with this. Party all night,Read MoreChocolate Is An Unhealthy Snack1791 Words   |  8 Pagesoften thought to be an unhealthy snack can also be beneficial to daily life. Although the choice of milk or dark can be overwhelming there are some pros and cons for each. Chocolate is a delicious treat that can be beneficial yet enjoyable to one’s health and lifestyle if it is used the right way. Chocolate has a rich history beginning of chocolate can date back some 3100 years, to Mesoamerica where the powerful nations of the Mayans and Aztecs consumed it as a beverage made from cocoa beans, differentRead More Alcohol Consumption Essay2409 Words   |  10 PagesAlcohol consumption poses a threat for many public health harms. Impaired driving is one of the largest contributors to motor vehicle crashes (Burris, Grunwald, Anderson, Filippoli, 2011). In the United States each year roughly 13,400 people die and an additional 255,500 are injured in motor vehicle crashes involving an alcohol-impaired driver according to Burris et al., 2011. In 2006, these crashes accounted for almost a third of all U.S. traffic-related deaths (Burris et al., 2011). AlcoholRead More Legalizing Recreational Drugs Within the United States Essay4029 Words   |  17 PagesA recreational drug is defined as any controlled substance used to alter ones mind state or for non-medical purposes, without the permission or supervision of a physician (Recreational Drug). Recreational drugs include both illegal and legal substances, some of which are extremely prevalent in the United States. The most popular recreational drug in the world is caffeine. Nearly, 80 - 90% of adult Americans consume caffeine every day (Caffeine addiction). Other popular recreational drugs include

Night Creature Crescent Moon Chapter 30 Free Essays

Luc Ruelle blinked at the gun. I gasped and shifted the weapon away. This was why I didn’t like to use them. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Creature: Crescent Moon Chapter 30 or any similar topic only for you Order Now More often than not, the wrong person got shot. â€Å"Guns are dangerous,† he said solemnly. â€Å"Damn straight.† â€Å"Curse word.† My lips tightened. â€Å"Sorry.† He shrugged. â€Å"Heard it before.† I bet he had. â€Å"Just not from a lady.† He still hadn’t, but I wasn’t going to point that out. â€Å"What are you doing here?† I craned my neck. â€Å"Did your dad bring you?† I heard the hope in my voice and wanted to curse again. If Adam had brought Luc, then maybe he’d changed his mind about me seeing the boy. And if Adam had changed his mind about that, then – What? He’d buy me an engagement ring, fix up the mansion, we’d move in and start playing Ozzie and Harriet? Doubtful. At any rate, I needed a reference a little more up-to-date. Was there an example of a happily married couple on TV these days? For the life of me, I couldn’t think of one. â€Å"My dad doesn’t know I’m here.† â€Å"Uh-oh,† I said before I could stop myself. Luc shrugged and drew his toe across the floor in an â€Å"aw shucks† gesture. Only then did I realize he was barefoot On closer examination, his shirt was inside out and his shorts weren’t zipped. â€Å"Were you in a big hurry to leave?† I asked. â€Å"Huh?† He stared at me with innocent Adam-eyes. â€Å"Your†¦ um – † I waved vaguely. â€Å"Barn door.† He glanced down, then presented me with his back. â€Å"I forgot to X-Y-Z.† The sound of the zipper being zipped punctuated his words. â€Å"What’s X-Y-Z?† â€Å"Examine your zipper. Dun.† As I said, I knew nothing about kids, particularly male ones, having never been one myself. I felt pretty â€Å"duh† all around. â€Å"I should call your dad,† I said. â€Å"No phone.† â€Å"No phone?† He shrugged. â€Å"Don’t need one.† Everyone needs a phone. Don’t they? Luc wandered around the mansion, glancing at my stuff, peering into corners, then staring upstairs. He saw me watching him and shrugged. â€Å"Never been here.† I frowned. This was the family home – despite its disarray. Why hadn’t Adam brought him? I hate that place, I wish it would rot, but de damn thing never will. Oh, yeah. â€Å"I cut through the swamp,† Luc said. â€Å"Wasn’t far.† â€Å"Do you walk around the swamp a lot?† â€Å"Uh-huh.† I wasn’t sure that was such a good idea He was so little, the things out there so big. Or at least they’d seemed big while chasing me. â€Å"Did you see anything†¦ strange?† I asked. â€Å"No.† Well, that was informative. â€Å"Did you see anything?’ â€Å"Trees, gators, water, snakes. Critters.† â€Å"What kind of critters?† He shrugged. â€Å"I didn’t really see any. Just heard ’em scratchin’ around.† â€Å"Maybe you shouldn’t go in the swamp for a while.† His face creased into a mulish expression that resembled a dried-apple doll. â€Å"I’ve been playing in the swamp since I could walk.† â€Å"And your dad doesn’t care?† â€Å"He says I need to know how to survive there. Someday I might have to.† What a bizarre thing to say to a child. The two of us stared at each other. I smiled a trifle uneasily. What was I going to do with him until Adam showed up? He would show up. Wouldn’t he? I’d wait a half an hour; then I’d take Luc back myself and head into town as I’d planned. â€Å"Are you†¦ hungry?† â€Å"Always.† I smiled. â€Å"I’ve got crackers.† He made a face. â€Å"That’s not food.† â€Å"Cookies?† â€Å"OK.† I dug out the package, handed it over. â€Å"How many can I have?† he asked. â€Å"Go nuts.† Which was probably the wrong thing to say to a kid, but he wasn’t my kid, and Adam had made it clear he never would be. If Luc went home on a sugar high, well, that was no more than the man deserved. What kind of father allowed a child to roam the swamp? What did I know about it? Maybe down here, or anywhere for that matter, a four-year-old was plenty old to swamp-wander. I eyed Luc’s size, then thought of his speech, his behavior. Maybe he was older than four. Regardless, he wasn’t twenty-four. Which is how old I thought he should be before he went into the swamp alone again. â€Å"How old are you?† I asked. â€Å"How old are you?† â€Å"It isn’t polite to ask a woman her age.† â€Å"How come? Don’t you know?† God, he was cute. â€Å"I’m thirty.† â€Å"That’s old.† â€Å"Is not.† â€Å"You’re older than my dad.† Well, wasn’t that special? â€Å"How much older?† â€Å"A year.† In my opinion, that didn’t count. â€Å"OK, your turn.† I took a cookie myself, earning a scowl of reproof from Luc. Did he plan to eat them all? From the way he was wolfing them down – stupid question. â€Å"I’m seven.† â€Å"Really?† â€Å"I’m little, but I’m quick. And smart.† â€Å"I bet you are.† â€Å"My mom was little. And Dad said he didn’t grow until he was twelve. Then he grew five inches in one year.† â€Å"That must’ve hurt.† â€Å"Hurt?† His eyes went wide and his lip trembled. Hell. I had no idea how to talk to kids. â€Å"I meant helped. That must have helped. With†¦ basketball.† From his expression he didn’t buy the excuse. He was quick. â€Å"Dad didn’t play basketball.† â€Å"No? What did he play?† â€Å"Nothin’.† His lip stuck out. â€Å"He says life isn’t a game, it’s a responsibility.† â€Å"Well, yippee.† Luc grinned. â€Å"Yeah.† That gap in his teeth just did me in. â€Å"Shouldn’t you be in school?† I asked. â€Å"Dad teaches me.† Huh. Mobile residence. Multiple babysitters. Home-schooling. But why? Another question for Adam, if he ever spoke to me again. â€Å"You wanna play cards?† Luc asked. â€Å"I don’t have any cards.† He reached into the pocket of his shorts and pulled out a deck. â€Å"Just one game,† I allowed. â€Å"What do you play?† â€Å"Hold ’em.† I put my hand out to take the cards, and he stared at my palm, confused. â€Å"You don’t want me to hold them?† I asked. â€Å"I meant Texas hold ’em.† â€Å"Like on TV?† â€Å"That’s where I learned it.† He started shuffling with card-shark precision, which was both adorable and scary. Also sad. The child had to learn games from TV? â€Å"How often do you see your father?† â€Å"Every day.† â€Å"Then why the babysitters?† â€Å"They stay all night.† â€Å"Where’s your dad?† He shrugged. â€Å"Workin’, I guess.† â€Å"Working at what?† â€Å"Dunno.† Stranger and stranger. I’d slept with the man, shared intimacies untold, yet I didn’t know what he did for a living. But, to be fair, neither did his son. Luc beat me at hold ’em. Badly. Several times. I forgot about â€Å"just one game.† I forgot about leaving in a half an hour. An hour later we were still playing; I was still losing. â€Å"I think that’s enough.† I tossed in another hand of junk. â€Å"That’s what they all say when I win.† I contemplated his tangled hair, his gappy teeth, his familiar eyes. â€Å"Why did you come here, Luc?† He pocketed the cards and crawled into my lap. I was so surprised, I let him. â€Å"Dad likes you.† He shifted his butt, snuggled his head under my chin, and put his arms around my waist. â€Å"I can tell.† â€Å"I don’t think he does.† I left out not enough and not anymore. â€Å"He’s never mumbled a girl’s name in his sleep before. That’s gotta mean somethin’.† I knew what it meant, and I wasn’t going to tell Luc. â€Å"I thought he worked all night,† I said, wondering how Luc could have heard Adam mumbling in his sleep. Then he sleeps most of the day. That’s when I watch hold ’em.† What was Adam up to all night that made him sleep when the sun shone? I had a feeling I didn’t want to know. While we’d been talking, my arms had automatically circled the child. My cheek rested on his hair. His body was warm, both bony and soft His hair smelled like summertime in the rain. â€Å"If Dad likes you,† he murmured, his voice slurred with sleep, â€Å"I like you.† I didn’t say anything until his breathing evened out and he went slack. I wasn’t going to be taking Luc home anytime soon. He might be little, but he was probably too big for me to carry. Besides, I didn’t want to wake him. I stretched out on the bedroll, letting his body tumble onto the cover next to me. When he mumbled and shifted, I stroked his hair and whispered, â€Å"I like you, too.† He fell back to sleep, his hand resting in mine. I found myself fascinated by that tiny, soft hand. He had a scrape on one knuckle, a scab on the palm; his fingernails were encrusted in dirt. Had he been digging with them? I suspected that might be something little boys did, but I wasn’t sure. Luc looked so much like Adam. From the blue eyes, to the dark hair, to the skin that turned bronze beneath the sun. Was there anything of Luc’s mother in him at all? I’d never had a maternal yearning in my life. Never heard the biological clock ticking. Never went gaga over babies. I didn’t drool over sunsuits and tiny shoes. So why did holding Luc Ruelle’s hand make my stomach flutter? A movement at the corner of my vision made me glance up. I wasn’t surprised to find Adam watching me from the window. From his expression, Luc was wrong. His father didn’t like me very much at all. How to cite Night Creature: Crescent Moon Chapter 30, Essay examples

Joint Venture for Competitive and Risky - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theJoint Venture for Competitive and Risky Environment. Answer: Introduction In todays fast-moving competitive and risky environment, organizations that fail to strategically plan for their future do not hold a firm position in the market for a longer period. In simple words, commercial strategic planning is a long-term planning that considers all external and internal variables and recognizes the segments of the target market. Therefore, any organization that gives due regard to commercial strategic planning can easily attain success by fulfilling every desired goals and objective. Moreover, to form better relationships with a specific target market, many types of legal relationships like joint venture, distributor, agent, etc can be entered into by an organization to execute their strategy of thriving in the market. Thus, this report intends to focus on such legal aspects of commercial strategic planning in the context of the Russian market. Types of legal relationships Entry strategy of an organization is generally a mode of entry that is adopted to enter a new global and competitive market. Such modes of entry are basically legal relationships that can be utilized to establish a fiduciary relationship in the market. Such relationships are an agency, distributor, and joint venture agreements that can play a vital role in becoming significant to a business strategy of a specific organization. Under a distributor relationship, the supplier or manufacturer can easily supply his products to the distributor who can thereafter sell the same to their customers, after adding a margin to cover their profit and other expenses. In contrast to this, an agency relationship exists when the agent has permission from the supplier to take orders from customers or to establish a legal relationship betwixt the customer and supplier (Levine Prietula, 2013) . Nevertheless, the basic difference betwixt both these legal relationship is that in an agency, the agent opera tes according to the desires of the principal, whereas a distributor operates on his own behalf but by pursuing a contractual relationship with the principal to buy specific goods and thereafter market them directly. In contrast to both agency and distributor, joint ventures are that kind of legal relationship which can be easily formed informally (Cohn et. al, 2005). However, it must be noted that the terms and conditions of the relationship must be already set out in the joint venture agreement. There is no proper legal definition for such joint venture, but it is usually an unincorporated joint venture when it comes to legal relationships. Nevertheless, joint venture legal relationships are a cooperative and commercial arrangement betwixt two or more businesses to execute a particular business strategy for mutual profits (Alter, 2003). The best advantage of getting engaged in a distributor relationship is that the supplier is capable of passing a high degree of risk that is related to the items. Furthermore, a distributor is more motivated to sell the products bought from the supplier because he takes a higher risk for failing to sell. Similarly, the advantages of involving in an agency relationship are that these are less risky from the competition law issues. Besides, the courts of EU have stated that wherein any agent bears nil risk for activities for which he has been appointed, the EU regime will not be applicable for such segments of the agreement that can prevent the way the agent can sell the products of the principal (Cohn et. al, 2005). Further, an agency relationship is more suitable for situations wherein the supplier intends to maintain high control over the pricing and marketing of the products. In contrast to these, a joint venture relationship is also beneficial especially when the organization inte nds to capture the target market by sharing the risks with the venture partner (Hemmer Labro, 20008. This can allow them to maintain a lead in the market and obtain better opportunities towards expertise and capacity. Furthermore, in this competitive market, such relationships can easily offer creative ways for organizations to exit from non-core operations. However, even though these legal relationships have their own advantages, they have their disadvantages as well that can prevent organizations to avoid involvement in the same. In an agency relationship, it may happen that the agent has very lesser resources than the distributor, thereby creating various issues for further growth (Alter, 2013). Furthermore, an agent may have his own ways of selling his product in the target market that may not align with the ideals of the principal. Further, the agent may also sell products to customers who can compromise the value of such items, thereby causing huge losses to the principal. In relation to distributor relationships, a distributor always faces a problem of having insufficient sales force for introducing newer products in larger markets like Russia (Alter, 2013). Another reason why distributor relationship is disadvantageous is that even after unsatisfactory services from them, disengaging the distributor is very difficult to be conducted. In relation to joint venture relationships, the most disadvantageous thing is that there is a high level of misbalance in the asset, investment, and expertise level of all the partners involved in the agreement. Furthermore, success in joint venture especially in highly competitive markets like Russia requires immense analysis and research of the objectives. Therefore, these are the three-key vital legal relationships that ABC Ltd (fictional enterprise) can form with any organization present in Russia (target country). The focus of ABC Ltd is enhancing partnerships through exporting strategy. Whether legal relationships align these with the target country/market Based on the previously mentioned analysis of the key legal relationships in commercial strategic planning, it can be seen that agency relationship is more likely to benefit an organization, especially in cases wherein it intends to market the products of another enterprise or wishes to develop its present network of distribution. In other words, if ABC Ltd intends to enhance its distribution network and market the products of another organization in Russia, then getting involved in agency relationships will be very relevant for it (Olsen, 2012). Furthermore, if it is considered that ABC Ltd intends to capture the international markets through export strategy, then agency relationships can fetch more benefits to them, as the agent can easily represent them in the global markets. Besides, this can also assist the organization to focus on developing its partnerships with the target country or market. Furthermore, in relation to the distributor, if the focus of ABC Ltd is exporting, suc h relationship is widely used in practice when the organizations objective is better served by these structures in contrast to establishing a corporate presence. However, it must be noted that choosing an agent and distributor is a time-consuming process, as ABC Ltd will have to meet with its partners in the target country physically and analyze whether the agency is better than distributor relationship and vice-versa. However, since distributor agreements take approximately two months to take effect in Russia, it will not be relevant to opt the same (Svejenova et. al, 2015). Furthermore, a joint venture with Russian enterprises are very common and are formed through on-shore joint venture vehicle or forming the venture outside of Russia. Such relationships can assist in enhancing the partnership connection betwixt the EU and Russia. Moreover, exporting can also be easily facilitated through such relationship. Hence, agency and joint venture relationships are more relevant in this c ontext. Joint Venture Agreement The nature of business opportunity has grown in uncertainty, complications, and now evolves at an enhanced pace, making it problematic to proceed alone. Especially, for large capital projects, joint ventures have been regarded as the best available method to access huge expertise and assist organizations to trial a global market entry with a minimal amount of resources. In relation to this, there are various key items that must be taken into due consideration that can cause a prospective partner to walk away from the table. If such terms are prevalent in the joint venture agreement, it will be more beneficial for the organizations interests and entry strategy. The first most important term forming part of the agreement is that it should strictly mention whether there is any protected territory wherein the organization is not allowed to utilize its marketing strategies to capture the area. Such fight for the best description of your territory is the most relevant joint venture agreement term because many enterprises are willing to budge over territory (Svejenova et.all 2010). Secondly, every joint venture agreement must incorporate a guaranty segment that can be extensive in nature. The ideology behind this can be attributed to the fact that this ensures adequate coverage of expenses that are reasonable and must be given to the covertures on an agreed basis. Further, it may happen that either of the parties desire to involve third parties like suppliers and landlords. In relation to this, it must be mentioned in the agreement that the covertures must be equally liable for all the financial responsibilities associated with their business, which includes the use of confidential details (Zhang Cueto, 2015). With such terms in the agreement, the entry strategy of the organization will not be disturbed as it will be ensured that any financial obligations are not to be borne by it alone. The third most important term in the arrangement must be the specification of an end-date of the same. This is because each party is likely to run an entirely distinct business collectively, and it is therefore important to have all the milestones specified so that activities of every partner can be thoroughly tracked. Such conditions in the agreement also enable the covertures to plan their other endeavors in an appropriate way. For instance, if XYZ Incorporated and the other party (ABC Ltd) is already in terms that they will adopt an export marketing strategy to capture other areas, having a deadline will assist them in fulfilling their motives effectively and in time. The length and kind of renewal right is another important term that must be present in the agreement because if renewal rights are not negotiated properly, the entire marketing strategy of parties may turn up to be a disaster. Therefore, having proper renewal terms and conditions in the joint venture agreement can al low them to be sure of the fact whether they can continue with the same or they must walk away. Another relevant term forming part of the agreement must be disclosure of the fact of who owns what? In other words, it must be mentioned that whether the parties have an equal share of the resulting outcomes, or the percentages vary in nature. For example, if XYZ Incorporated intends to acquire eighty percent of the resulting profits, then there must be an appropriate measurement technique to decide whether the provision of such percentage to the enterprise is valid or not (Svejenova et. al, 2015). Moreover, if this term is absent from the agreement, it may happen that the entire plan of getting access to expertise and professionalism with a minimal amount of resources, is wasted (Rosenbaum, 2016). Hence, ABC Ltd must make sure that it eliminates any provision that gives XYZ the right of first refusal. Another relevant term that must be prevalent in the agreement is that what will happen if either of the party fails to perform their roles and duties in an appropriate manner. The presence of such term in the agreement can allow ABC Ltd to be assured of the fact that the other party (XYZ) cannot just enter into the agreement and sit idle. Moreover, it may happen that either of the parties is unable to dedicate their previously-stated share to the venture, or is encountering some other contingency. This is called as cross-default provision in the agreement that can prevent any of the parties from punishing the entire venture for the failure of one party (Svejenova et. al, 2015). Hence, in any case, the presence of such term in the agreement will be good for both the parties as they will know in advance what will be the outcomes if they back-off or are unable to deliver what they assured previously. Besides, the entry strategy of ABC Ltd to capture the market through exporting can also be safeguarded, as it will not be hindered if XYZ Incorporated creates any complicat ions (Fortgang et. al, 2003). Further, ABC will also not be punished for non-fulfilment of its duties outside the terms and conditions mentioned in the agreement. Lastly, it may also happen that even though the joint venture agreement is in place, yet a disagreement possibility can arise. In relation to this, if there is a term that can solve any kind of dispute or conflicts betwixt the covertures, an agreeable solution can be easily made when such a scenario arises. For instance, it may be agreed that either a third-party may come up to the rescue or both the covertures may opt to solve the dispute in court (Fortgang et. al, 2003). This means that the rules can be settled before and moreover, there is a chance to know when and how the dispute arises that can be settled by amicable means.Therefore, such term may not only protect the entry strategy of ABC Ltd but it may also assure it of the fact that the decision of getting into a joint venture with XYZ Incorporated will not go in v ain (Coyne Garvin, 2013). Therefore, these terms are the most significant terms that must form part of the joint venture agreement because it safeguards the strategic planning of ABC Ltd and allows it to access global markets and expertise with a very minimal amount of resources. The agreement is all about working together, preparing to invest money and time collectively, and above all to unleash an item for the customers that are better than what would have been facilitated individually. Conclusion It can be seen from the above-mentioned analysis that commercial strategic planning can easily assist an organization to attain its goals and objectives. Furthermore, establishing legal relationships also play a key role in this scenario as it allows an organization to capture the target market by framing entry strategies. Overall, all the previously mentioned legal relationships are vital but in relation to Russia, distributor agreements consume immense time that can cause huge losses. References Alter, S 2013, Work System Theory: Overview of Core Concepts, Extensions, and Challenges for the Future, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 72-121. Cohn, JM, Khurana R, Reeves L 2005, Growing talent as if your business depended on it, Harvard Business Review, vol. 83, no. 10, pp. 6270. Coyne, I., Garvin, F 2013, Employee relations and motivation. Work and Occupational Psychology vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 23-46 Demil, B and Lecoq, X 2010, Business model evolution: In search for dynamic consistency, Long range planning, vol. 43, pp. 227-246 Doz, Y.L , M 2010, Embedding strategic agility, Long range planning, vol. 43, pp. 370-382 Fortgang, R.S, Lax, D.A Lax Sebenius, J.K 2003, Negotiating the term of the deal, viewed 1 November 2017 https://hbr.org/2003/02/negotiating-the-spirit-of-the-deal Freedman, L 2013, Strategy, Oxford University Press Hemmer, T, Labro, E 2008, On the optimal relation between the properties of managerial and financial reporting systems, Journal of Accounting Research, vol. 46, pp. 12091240. Levine, S. S, Prietula, M. J 2013, Open Collaboration for Innovation: Principles and Performance, Organization Science, Harvard Press Moncrieff, J 2014, Is strategy making a difference?, Long Range Planning Review, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 273276. Olsen, E 2012, Strategic Planning Kit for Dummies, John Wiley Sons. Rosenbaum, E 2016, The 7 most important franchise business terms to negotiate, viewed 1 November 2017 https://www.cnbc.com/2016/05/11/the-7-most-important-franchise-business-terms-to-negotiate.html Smith, W.K., Binns, A and Tushman, M.L 2010, Complex business models: Managing strategic paradoxes simultaneously, Long range planning, vol. 43, pp. 448-461 Svejenova, S., Planellas, M and Vives, L 2010, An individual business model in the making: Achefs quest for creative freedom, Long range planning, vol. 43, pp. 408-430 Zhang, S.X. Cueto, J 2015, The Study of Bias in Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice.

Car Database project Essay Example

Car Database project Essay I want to design a database that will allow faster and easier sales of cars, it will also help organise them too. Before I design a database I need to find out what information I will need to include in my database, to this I will produce a questionnaire, which will be sent out to several garages in my local area. When I get the questionnaire results I will then design my database around the wants and needs of other garages I am going to produce a database that will allow salespersons to use a PC to speed up the search process for the customer. If the customer is searching for a particular type of car, i.e. make, model, mileage, year of manufacture. The database, which I have created, will allow the sales person to search for a car meet the customers requirements. I am doing this because it will be much easier for the salesperson to find a car, which will meet the customers requirements. Implementation You must use the software to process and store data entered from the questionnaire for required output. You need to produce a report, which describes in simple steps how you created the database using the selected software. This will match your design. Printouts and screen shots are required and the data has to match the data collected from the data capture sheets (one from each garage). We will write a custom essay sample on Car Database project specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Car Database project specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Car Database project specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Database should be approximately 50 cars and 5 garages. For a good mark your database should be a fully functioning system. Proof could be in the form of screen shots and reports showing that customer questions (from questionnaire) have been answered. All forms, reports and queries shown in your design need to be evidenced. Any modifications should be noted and the reasons why given (one or two modifications for improvement shows that you are developing your project a good thing). Use screen shots to evidence and validation or verification that you have built into your database i.e. default U validation rule U or D or L. Show any range checks you have created; switchboard or drop down menus. You should include a user guide. This can be a set of instructions with screen shots. The program I have chose to use if Microsoft access. I need software that will allow a record structure to be sorted and filtered for various queries to go to screen and printer. I will want to insert data, edit data and remove data. When garage information is edited or deleted I want this to automatically affect any car data belonging to that garage. So I have chose to use Microsoft access. Once the table is created I can then make another table and like them together. Microsoft access allows me to perform all the operations needed for this project. There are other programs that I could use like Microsoft Excel, but this program will only allow me to create a flat database. The advantage of using Microsoft Access is it allows to or more tables to be related to automatically stop duplicate records and allow easy related editing. Microsoft Access will also allow better screen and printer output. The customer would like to be able to find out what sort of cars are available for him or her to buy, for example if they have à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 to spend, the salesman would perform a search for all the cars costing à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 and less. Or they could perform a search to find all the cars that cost à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,00 and above. Using Microsoft Access is much harder than using the other type of programs, this is because it has a different type of database than other programs that you can use to create databases. In programs such as Microsoft Excel you can only create a flat database, in a flat database you cannot create two or more tables and link them together. For this project, I need to be able to link the tables together, so that I can perform searches easily. I can create another table, which would contain all the garages, and it would sort the cars by which cars where in which garage. I will now go through what we had to do. We had had to create a table containing information on 50 cars. This table would contain all the information a first time buyer would require to buy a car. One this table had been completed we needed to create another table which would contain all the information about the garages, one this was done we would like the two tables together, now that the tables are linked together we would be able to perform searches that would allow us to find a specific car in the database which would suite the buyers needs. It would also help the salesperson find the car that was well suited to the buyer much quicker. One the two tables had been linked together we needed to create a query, the form would allow us to do simple searches, to find information about the cars like make, model, price etc. Once the above tasks have been preformed, we need to create forms and queries. These are all used so we can find out information about the cars easily and without much effort, and very quickly. If you wanted to find all the cars under à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 you would need to click on the max price query and type in à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000, a list of cars up à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 in price will all be listen. This is what we had to do, once this was all done. We had to make a report and go through what we all did in detail. Evaluation for a car owner On a scale of 1-5 how easy would you say the car table was to use and understand? 1 2 3 4 5 Would you use this system if it were set up on a web site, to find a new car? Yes No Did the table contain all the information about the car you would want to know? Yes No What would you change about the system? If anything? Would it be better if they were more exotic cars? Yes No Thank you for taking a few minutes out of your time to fill in the questionnaire. How I Created My Microsoft Access Database Firstly I will explain what this software can be used for. * Designing and creating a relational database * Creating databases which can be linked First of all we will be designing a database, this what the first database should look like by the time you have finished, heres one I made earlier: Before you get to this stage you will need to find information on 50 cars, the information I have chosen to add on my database is, Make, Model, Year, Mileage, transmission, Power Steering, Price, Colour, Fuel, Number Of. I have chose to use this information because I believe it is the most important information. Doors, Garage One this information has been entered another table must be created, the second table must contain the information about the garages, the information in this table contains should be, garage name, owner, address, phone number and name of contact. It should look something like this: The name of the garages must be displayed exactly the same as in the table containing the information about the cars. The information about the cars should be something like this, Model, Make, Year, Colour, Number of doors, Price, Fuel and other basic information about the car which a first time buyer would want to know. How to create the first table: Once Microsoft Access has loaded it should look something like this: Click on the Database then chose a name for your file and press Save after you have done this a screen like this should appear once you have chosen the name for your database. Click on Create New Table Using Design View, on the screen that has just appeared, which should like something like this: Where it says Field Name enter all the fields you want to appear in your car database. The different fields you enter should all the information you think a first time buyer would like to know. Once all of the information has been entered save your work then open up your table and enter the information about 50 cars, for example enter what type of fuel the car uses, the price, make, model, year of manufacture, colour of car, which garage you can buy the car from also the extras the car has. Once this has been achieved you must save and exit, you should then come up with the screen mentioned above, click on create new table in design view. Once it has loaded up enter the name of all the garages, the address, the phone number of the garages and a contact number for the garages. Make sure the name of the garages is exactly the same as the name in the other table containing all the information about the cars. If you made a spelling mistake when entering the names of the garages when you come to linking both tables together it will not work, so you must be extra careful at this stage because it could waste lots of your time if you make one mistake. One all the information from the garage table has been entered accurately, save the table and close down the table. Once the table has been closed down a screen like this should appear: Right click on the empty white space (where the arrow is pointed) and select Relationships When it has been clicked on another screen should appear. In this screen you need to select which tables you want to link together, is my case I needed to select the Garage and the Cars table to link together. Once this has been selected, you need to decide which parts of each table you would like to relate to one another. Relate the one to the many. Once the tables have both been linked to each other it should look something like this: To test if the tables have both been linked properly go into the garage table and click on one of the garages, a list of all the cars within that garage should appear. Queries Queries are used to search for s specific car, or a specific feature of a car. If you wanted a car with air conditioning in the query box, it would come up with a lost of all the cars with air conditioning. To create a query click on query in the object list. Once you have clicked on the query, click on create query in design view. From here just follow the instructions and then enter what you are looking for and the database will come up with a list of cars matching your query. Reports To create a report click on report towards the left hand side. Then click on create report by using wizard, a new screen should load up where you enter the fields you might want to include in the report. A report summarises the cars that you have in your garage, it puts all the information into a neat table. The information that it summarises are the ones that you have clicked on when designing the table. The finished table might look something like this. As you can see I only have 3 fields in my reports, other fields can be added very easily when making the report in design view. All you have to do is highlight the other fields that you require and click here: Testing After completing the designing of the solution according to the assignment proposal, I moved forward to test the final outcome, while inspecting if the database as whole functions as expected. The table below shows the numerous areas in which I have checked, detailing the results of the testing, a suitable corrective action for the problem (if and is required) and evidence of this inspection using screenshots and printouts. Instructions on how to use my database and perform basic searches There are many things that you can do with my database, you can easily search for cars. And perform specific searches with ease. In my database I have made it so you can search for the following things with ease. * Which garage the car comes from * Model of car * Minimum price of car * Maximum price of car * Maximum number of doors * Make of car To perform a search for all the cars from specific garages follow the following instructions: 1. Presuming that you are using a desktop PC. Open up Microsoft Access by double clicking on the icon. Labelled MS Access 2. Open the required database, to this you should place your hand on the mouse and point the cursor on the section named File, then left click. Move the cursor down to open and left click on it. A screen will then appear. Here you will see the file name you are looking for it should be named Garage Project, double click on it. (You should come to a screen that looks something like this): 3. Then click on the queries button Then you should come to a screen that looks something like this: From here you can see what sort of queries are available for you so search through, as you can see the ones I have are Garage, from here you can find all the cars from a specific garage. I also have model, minimum price, maximum price, maximum number of doors and the make of the are. Find all the cars below a certain price: To find all of the cars below a certain price follow the following instructions 1) Follow the instructions above, stop once you have reached the screen where you can use the queries. 2) Double click on the minimum price box, you should then reach a screen that looks something like this: In the box that came up, enter in the minimum price. Then press ok. If you entered à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½15,000 as the minimum price all the cars above that price will appear in a screen such as this: To perform other searches just click on the required search field, and follow the instructions as above Analysis Marks Masters is a small family run business that has decided to expand, and make use of new technology available. It employs five salesmen and two phone secretaries. Because of the lack of computers in this business, it is extremely unorganised. It is very hard to find out information about a certain car and when the will be getting a new delivery of the cars in. Because it has now decided to expand and invest in new computer technology, I will install a complete new computer system. The new computer system will organise all of the cars automatically, all you will have to do is enter the information of each car into the database, the database then can sort each car by data added, manufacturer, price etc. The new system will allow customers to do a simple search for cars which are in their price range, are the make they want, have the accessories they want etc. The new computer system will allow much more work to be done because the employees will not have to spend a lot of time searching through car details, to find the car that the customer is looking for. Instead there will be 2 or 3 ways of searching for a car depending on what type of car you are looking for. You can do a search for all cars below a specific price, or all of the cars above a specific price. Here is the exact list of ways for which you can search for cars. Max price, Minimum number of doors, Minimum price, Maximum number of doors, Make, Model, Garage location. The reason I made it so you could search the database for the above list is because I feel that these are all important factors to a buyer when buying a car. I have also included instructions on how to use my database so that anyone who wished to perform searches would then know how to do them. After I had designed my database there were several changes that I made. I had to take into consideration the actual file size of the database. I did not want to be taking up space, which was not being used. When choosing your design fields there is a box labelled filed size the default setting for this is 50. This means that for every box in the table it will allow up to 50 characters to be entered into that box. Even if you do not enter 50 characters into that box it will still put space aside for them. So one box would take up a minimum of 50 bytes. I have hundreds of boxes in my database, so this was taking up lots of unnecessary space. To change it just click in the box and choose a more appropriate number. The number I chose was 25, as this is enough space to enter in the information I needed and would also leave me a bit of space to add to the boxes if need be.

The Battle Between The Spanish Armada And The British Fleet Essays

The Battle Between The Spanish Armada And The British Fleet Essays The Battle Between the Spanish Armada and the British Fleet ~1588~ In the later part of the 16th century, Spain was the major international power and either ruled, colonized, or exercised influence over much of the known world. Spanish power was at it's height and Spain's leader, King Philip II, pledged to conquer the Protestant heretics in England that began as a result of the Reformation. Philip held personal hostility towards England's Queen Elizabeth I and was desirous of eliminating a major sea-going rival for economic reasons. Elizabeth encouraged Sir Francis Drake and other English seamen to raid Spanish ships and towns to invest in some of their wealth. The English also began to aid the Dutch Protestants who were rebelling against Spanish rule. The Treaty of Nonsuch (1585) along with damaging raids by Drake against the Spanish commerce finally convinced Philip that a direct invasion of England was necessary. Philip wanted to restore England to Catholicism, keep his wealth he discovered, and prove that his country is still looked upon as all-powerful. King Philip disliked Elizabeth with a passion. He tried to plot against her ages ago with Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, in 1568. She was beheaded in 1587 for she pose a threat to the queen and England's safety. Finally Philip decided he had to do something about it himself. He drew up a flawless plan that wouldn't underrating England's ability to defend herself, Philip organized a brilliant fleet, which he called his Spanish Armada. It was called 'Invincible', the fleet of unprecedented size and strength. His Armada consisted of about 130 ships from his Mediterranean and Atlantic fleets, from the Portuguese navy and his allies, with as many as 8,000 seamen and possibly 19,000 soldiers. These ships were to join 30,000 troops who had been fighting in the Spanish Netherlands under Philip's commander, the Duke of Parma. Don ?lvaro de Baz?n, Marquis of Santa Cruz, who had initially organized the Armada, did not live to command it. His successor, Alonso P?rez de Guzm?n, Duke of Medina Sidonia, was no less intelligent and courageous. The men were inexperienced and their knowledge of ships and battles was poor. Their ships were mainly line-of-battle ships, and the rest being mostly transports and light craft. They were conscious that even their best craft were slower and less reliable than those of the English and less well armed with weapons, but they counted on being able to force boarding actions if the English offered battle. The Armada set sail from Lisbon on May 9, 1588, but gales forced it back soon after. The voyage was not resumed until July 22. Since November 1587 the English and the Dutch had been aware of Philip's intentions. To prevent a juncture of Parma's army with the Armada, they had several troops patrolling the Netherlands coast. The English fleet was under command of Charles Howard, 2nd Baron Howard of Effingham Ships were anchored at Plymouth on the English Channel to blockade and destroy the Armada before it left the Spanish coast. On July 29, 1588, the wind direction made this impossible and the Armada was already first sighted off the Scilly Isles, near the coast of Cornwall in southwestern England. The Armada reached the Strait of Dover on August 61 (Having already entered the English Channel on July 30) and anchored at Calais, France. This is where Medina Sidonia had planned to meet Parma in Flanders. The Dutch gunboats prevented the barges from meeting the Armada and this defect in their strategy was to prove disastrous. In the early hours of August 7-8, the English launched eight fire ships2 into the Spanish fleet, forcing the Spanish ships to cut or slip their cables, thus losing their anchors, and stand out to sea to escape the flames. The 'Invincible' Armada's formation was thus completely broken. At dawn on the 8th about 60 English ships attacked the disorganized Spanish ships off the French port of Gravelines. Three Spanish ships were sunk or driven ashore, and the others were badly battered. During all the battles, the wind direction and speed and waves and currents had a great effect on the movement of the ships. Both the west wind and the English fleet now prevented

Charity Contribution Tax Deductions for Individuals Research Paper

Charity Contribution Tax Deductions for Individuals - Research Paper Example IRS, organizations that legally qualify to receive charitable contributions that tax system would allow as deductions includes registered churches and government organizations. However, the IRS accepts application for organizations who would wish to qualify as charitable after they apply and legally get an approval letter. Otherwise, the IRS would reject deductions for any charitable contributions submitted to the aforementioned organizations. It is imperative to understand that IRS would only accept charitable contributions that taxpayers have submitted to qualified organizations. Therefore, IRS would not deduct charitable contributions made to political organizations, political candidates, and individuals. Apparently, taxpayers who donate property instead of cash to legally qualified organizations have the right to claim tax deductions on their taxable income based on fair market value. Fair market value relates to the inherent price that a property would remain in transaction between a willing seller and buyer (Rosen 230). Normally, IRS rejects individuals deductions for charitable contributions relating to property donations mainly because the latter’ claims don not conform to the fair market value. It is important for taxpayers to determine appropriately the fair market value for property donated before claiming charitable deductions. Otherwise, IRS would reject application for deductions related to property donations in cases where taxpayers do not inclusively calculate the current fair market price of the donations. Majority of court cases involving IRS denying deduction of charitable contributions on taxpayer’s taxable income involves poor timing by the latter. According to IRS, taxpayers who wish to have their charitable contributions deducted on taxable income must submit the documentations and legal requirements detailing the contributions before close of tax year. Timing contribution before close of an individual’s tax year is imperative in

Discussion 2 KJr Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion 2 KJr - Essay Example ensibly illuminates that in "front-seat driving," an individual engages in an active and purposeful thinking process while in "back-seat driving," the individual’s mind is passive and the thinking process is associational. In "front-seat driving," the individual directs and controls each thinking process taking note of signs and the overall progression of the thinking process just as a driver would take full and sentient control of the car. Contrary, in "back-seat driving," an individual is merely a passive contemplator, not directing the development of his thought but notes whatever his subconscious feeds him hence the conclusion that they finally reach in their thinking process is directed by random images, memories and emotions rather than reasoning. I have seen this happen in class when the instructor asks students to think why they fail in certain modules. Most of them end up thinking temporarily about their passing friends, difficulty of the content and their family backgrounds in a jumbled and illogical manner that is never conclusive or illuminative. In the scale, the unfocused side is characterized by a state of bewilderment, of mental fog while the focused side is characterized by luminous awareness, mental clarity, and consciousness. However, our ability to focus resembles a dimmer light switch since many people are in the intermediate categories between focused and unfocused. The level of ‘focus’ is continuum and not only ‘focused’ or

Is unethical to lie during Negotiations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Is unethical to lie during Negotiations - Essay Example Considering the legal clauses and ethical considerations, there are many aspects that can be termed to be unethical but legal. For instance, if a broker states the history of a property only revealing its net worth, location and future value, and avoid describing the legal charges associated with the asset because the concerned party did not ask about it, it can be termed as unethical. However, this can be justified on the legal grounds. Therefore, in a few instances, such tactics can be legal as well as can be unethical, depending on the merit of the case and intentions. Being completely honest during negotiation, even after knowing the fact that it can earn lesser than what is expected, can never be naive. Revealing the entire truth during negotiation can often result in the cancellation of the deal with higher return. Despite such risk if a negotiator is revealing the entire truth being honest, it must be highly appreciated and respected. However, if the negotiator in this context expects that even after revealing the truth he will earn the deal without losing any bid, the act can be termed as naive. It is because in this case the negotiator is unable to forecast the risks associated with the ethical representation of the facts expecting irrational return. Considering these facts, I personally think that being completely honest while negotiating can be naive by no means when the associated risks are considered significantly. But, if due consideration is not provided to the risks associated with the decision of being completely honest; it can be stated as a naive act. In terms of legal code of conduct, the rule of negotiation can be stated as unique to an extent. But based on the ethical ground, the rules associated with negotiation are not quite unique. Lying during negotiations has frequently been identified in many instances which eradicates the chance to signify the practice

Malay Speech Corpus

Malay Speech Corpus CHAPTER 3 MALAY SPEECH CORPUS 3.1 Introduction The knowledge related to the structure of the rules and grammar for any language must be understood in depth prior to the development of any Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. This chapter is intended to discuss the related issues concerning the Malay language and its speech sounds.   The Malay corpus and the test collections used for this study are also presented in the following sections. 3.2Malay Speech Sounds and Language Rules Malay is an Austronesian language spoken by the Malay people who are native to the Malay Peninsula, southern Thailand, Singapore and parts of Sumatra and also known locally as Bahasa Melayu. It is the official language of Malaysia and is an agglutinative language, meaning that the meaning of the word can be changed by adding the necessary prefixes or suffixes that will be explained through out of this section. The smallest unit in any language is known as phoneme.   The substitution of this unit for another might make a distinction of meaning (Nong et al. 2001).   Integrating the phonemes produces the syllable and words.   Generally, phoneme classification for Malay language is divided into three major groups that consist of Vowels (V), Consonants (C) and other miscellaneous (Manaf Hamid 1996).   This structure is relatively same with the English language as shown in Figure 3.1 (Karim 1996). The vowel class comprises of six vowels that is: /a/, //, /i/, /o/, /u/ and /e/.   The vowel sound is produced when the air exit from the lunges and mouth without ant noise. The second category, which is consonant class, can be further divided into seven different categories that is the stops or plosive group, affricates, nasals, glides, liquids, fricatives and the semivowel.   The sounds from consonants are produced by air from lungs and consist of noise.   The noise is generated in mouth and nose, for instance, phoneme /p/and /b/.   Figure 3.2 describe the consonant utterances classification for the Malay language. The last category, miscellaneous category, consists of the diphthong and vowel functions.   Vowel function is a combination of two different vowel (ia, io and iu) and most often used in words absorbed directly from its English equivalent such as radio and audio, and in some original Malay words such as nyiur (coconut), hias (decorate) (Hussain, 1997). 3.2.1Malay morphology Malay morphology is defined as study of word structures in Malay language (Lutfi Abas, 1971). A morpheme is the term used in the morphology. A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit in a language. In another words, morpheme is a combination of phonemes into a meaningful unit. A Malay word can be comprised of one or more morphemes. When we talk about Malay morphology, we cannot avoid from discussing the process of word formation in Malay language. It is a language of derivative which allows the addition of affixes to the base/root or primary word to form new words. The language itself is different from the English. In English language, the process involves the changes in the phonemes according to their groups. The processes of word formation in Malay language are in the forms of primary words, derivative words, compound words and reduplicative words. 3.2.1.1Primary word Primary or root words are either nouns or verbs, which is does not take any affixes or reduplication. A primary word can be comprised of one or more syllables. A syllable consists of a vowel (V) or a vowel with a consonant (C) or a vowel with several consonants. The vowel can be presented at the front or back of the consonants. In Malay language, primary word with one syllable accounts for about 500 only (Nik Safiah Karim et al. 1995). Some of the primary words are taken from other languages such as English and Arabic. The structures of the syllable are shown in Table 3.1. Primary words with two syllables are the majority in the Malay language. The structures of the words are shown in Table 3.2 with example of words that illustrated as in Figure 3.3. Primary words with three and more syllables exist in a few numbers. Most of them are taken from other languages as shown in Table 3.3. Table 3.1:   Structure of words with one syllable Syllable Structure Example of word CV Ya (yes) VC Am (common) CVC Sen (cent) CCVC Stor (store) CVCC Bank (bank) CCCV Skru (screw) CCCVC Skrip (script) Table 3.2:   Structure of words with two syllables Syllable Structure Example of word V + CV Ibu (mother) V + VC Air (water) V + CVC Ikan (fish) VC + CV Erti (meaning) VC + CVC Empat (four) CV + V Doa (pray) CV + VC Diam (silent) CV + CV Guru (teacher) CV + CVC Telur (egg) CVC + CV Lampu (lamp) CVC + CVC Jemput (invite) E R + T I V C + C V J E M + P U T C V C + C V C C Consonant V Vowel Table 3.3:   Structure of words with three syllables or more Syllable Structure Example of word CV + V + CV Siapa (who) CV + V + CVC Siasat (investigate) V + CV + V Usia (age) CV + CV + V Semua (all) CV + CV + VC Haluan (direction) CVC + CV + VC Berlian (diamond) V + CV + CV Utara (north) VC + CV + CV Isteri (wife) CV + CV + CV Budaya (culture) CVC + CVC + CV Sempurna (perfect) CVC + CV + CVC Matlamat (aim) CV + CV + VC + CV Keluarga (family) CV + CVC + CV + CV Peristiwa (event) CV + CV + V + CVC Mesyuarat (meeting) CV + CV + CV + CVC Munasabah (reasonable) V + CV + CVC + CV + CV Universiti (University) 3.2.1.2Derivative word Derivative words are the words that are formed by adding affixes to the primary words. The affixes can exist at the initial (Prefixes), within (Infixes) or final (Suffixes) of the words. They can also exist at the initial and final of the words at the same time. These kinds of affixes are called confixes. Examples of derivative words are â€Å"berjalan† (walking), â€Å"mempunyai† (having), â€Å"pakaian† (clothes) and so on. 3.2.1.3 Compound word Compound words are the words that are combined from two individual primary words, which carry certain meanings. There are quite lots of compound words in Malay language. Examples of compound words are â€Å"alat tulis† (stationery), â€Å"jalan raya† (road), â€Å"kapal terbang† (aeroplane), â€Å"Profesor Madya† (associate professor), â€Å"hak milik† (ownership), â€Å"pita suara† (vocal folds) and so on. Some of the Malay idioms are from the compound words such as â€Å"kaki ayam† (bare feet), â€Å"buah hati† (gift), â€Å"berat tangan† (lazy), â€Å"terima kasih† (thank you) and so on. 3.2.1.4 Reduplicative word Reduplicative words, as its name suggests, are the words that are reduplicated from the primary words. There are three forms of reduplication in Malay language: full, partial and rhythmic. Examples of reduplicative words are â€Å"mata-mata† (policeman), â€Å"sama-sama† (welcomed) and so on. 3.3Malay Speech Corpus Design Malay speech design basically involves the proper selection of speech target sounds for speech recognition.   The Malay phonemes can be analyzed according to the descriptive analysis and distinctive feature analysis.   Generally, the descriptive analysis is preferred over the distinctive feature analysis because it is easier to be implemented. To develop a baseline system for spoken Malay utterances or word model, we need database for isolated spoken Malay words.   However, very little of the literature and reference material in Malay is available in raw electronic form to support research and development work. These materials are sometimes not suitable for the real life speech recognition system due to their setting environments and most of these materials are recorded the planned or read text.Since no spoken Malay database exists, we develop the Malay corpus based on Hansard documents from Parliament of Malaysia. The hansard documents consists of Dewan Rakyat(DR)Parliamentary debates session for the year 2008.   It contains spontaneous and formally speeches and it is the daily records of the words spoken by 222 elected members of DR. The hansard documents comprises of 51 huge raw video and audio files (.avi form) of daily recorded parliamentary session and 42 text files (.pdf form). Each part of parliamentary session contains six to eight hours spoken speeches that surrounded with medium noise condition or environment (less than 30 dB), speakers interruption (Malay, Chinese and Indian) and different speaking styles (low, medium and high intonation or shouting).   The reason of chosen this kind of data is due to their spontaneous and natural way of speaking in a formal or standard Malay speech during the debates session. The analysis has been done to the whole recorded session from mid-term until the end 2008 of hansard documents. Out of 42 text documents and 51 video files, only 22 text documents and 22 video files were being selected due to their perfect matched in terms of the contents of video and audio source files. The remaining of the text documents and video files have not been chosen due to the missing of some text documents that could not be downloaded, some video files having corrupted during recording session and some of the recorded video having missed sounds.   This study focused and concerned to the video that have audio sounds since it will be used to develop the Malay corpus and to evaluate the performance of isolated spoken Malay speech recognition system. The quantitative information analysis, about the videos and text documents being selected is given in Table 3.4. Table 3.4: Quantitative information of Hansard documents selected. No. Video Text Documents No. of Topic No. of Speakers Total Words 1. DR28052008 (MEI) 11 129 40,283 2. DR29052008 (MEI) 15 114 39,612 3. DR24062008 (JUNE) 13 154 49,212 4. DR25062008 (JUNE) 10 118 38,053 5. DR30062008 (JUNE) 10 175 58,013 6. DR02072008 (JULY) 14 187 67,906 7. DR03072008 (JULY) 12 120 48,411 8. DR07072008 (JULY) 16 210 72,890 9. DR10072008 (JULY) 13 132 42,350 10. DR28082008 (AUGUST) 10 123 40,780 11. DR03112008 (NOVEMBER) 17 232 78,750 12. DR04112008 (NOVEMBER) 11 136 43,440 13. DR10112008 (NOVEMBER) 10 105 39,560 14. DR20112008 (NOVEMBER) 16 109 42,795 15. DR26112008 (NOVEMBER) 10 186 38,880 16. DR27112008 (NOVEMBER) 10 147 41,450 17. DR01122008 (DECEMBER) 7 118 38,430 18. DR02122008 (DECEMBER) 9 176 56,815 19. DR03122008 (DECEMBER) 12 152 48,616 20. DR04122008 (DECEMBER) 11 192 56,780 21. DR10122008 (DECEMBER) 6 130 38,677 22. DR11122008 (DECEMBER) 10 143 52,369 TOTAL The process of documents analysis shows that the majority of the Malay words are comprised of primary word with two syllables and mono (one) syllables. Among the Malay words, the syllables structure of VC, CV and CVC are the most common.   These structures are preferred because they are easy to be pronounced exactly as its written and their number is quite substantial in the hansard documents. In order to get a good distribution of consonants and vowels for the dataset from the hansard documents, the most frequently primary (root or base) words spoken by speakers during Parliamentary debates are used. As mentioned previously, most of the root words are the primary words that are either in nouns or verbs without adding any derivations (affixes and suffixes) or reduplication to the root words. Thus, from the text documents analysis, we determined 100 primaries words that mostly spoken by the committee members during the debates that consist of 10 primary words of one syllable, four p rimary words from three or more syllables structures and 86 primary words that form two syllables structures as depicted in Table 3.5. The details quantitative analysis of each words distribution is represented in Appendix A. Each primary word has maximum number of 50 repetitions that uttered by same or different speakers. Thus, there are a total of 5000 isolated spoken Malay words used for this research. The challenging task is to capturing and segmenting the exact words being uttered accordingly to the audio sounds in the video files. The process of creating isolated spoken Malay corpus is illustrated as in Figure 3.4 and briefly explained in the following sections. Table 3.2: Selection of 100 isolated spoken Malay words as the speech target sounds. No. Words Structures No. Words Structures 1 ADA V + CV 51 LAGI CV + CV 2 AHLI VC + CV 52 LAIN CV + VC 3 AKAN V + CVC 53 LAMA CV + CV 4 AKTA VC + CV 54 LANGKAH CVCC + CVC 5 ARAH V + CVC 55 LEBIH CV + CVC 6 ATAS V + CVC 56 MAKLUM CVC + CVC 7 ATAU V + CVV 57 MANA CV + CV 8 BAGI CV + CV 58 MASA CV + CV 9 BAIK CV + VC 59 MASIH CV + CVC 10 BAKAL CV + CVC 60 MESTI CVC + CV 11 BANK CVCC 61 MUNGKIN CVCC + CVC 12 BARU CV + CV 62 NANTI CVC + CV 13 BEKAS CV + CVC 63 OLEH V + CVC 14 BERI CV + CV 64 ORANG V + CVCC 15 BINCANG CVC + CVCC 65 PADA CV + CV 16 BOLEH CV + CVC 66 PIHAK CV + CVC 17 BUAT CV + VC 67 PRINSIP CCVC + CVC 18 BUKAN CV + CVC 68 PULA CV + CV 19 DALAM CV + CVC 69 PUN CVC 20 DAN CVC 70 RAMAI CV + CVV 21 DASAR CV + CVC 71 RIBU CV + CV 22 DATANG CV + CVCC 72 RUJUK CV + CVC 23 DENGAN CV + CCVC 73 SAH CVC 24 DIA CVV 74 SAMA CV + CV 25 EKONOMI V + CV + CV + CV 75 SANGAT CV + CCVC 26 ESOK V + CVC 76 SAYA CV + CV 27 HADIR CV + CVC 77 SEBAB CV + CVC 28 HAK CVC 78 SEBUT CV + CVC 29 HAL CVC 79 SEDANG CV + CVCC 30 HARI CV + CV 80 SEDIA CV + CVV 31 HENDAK CVC + CVC 81 SUDAH CV + CVC 32 IAITU VV + V + CV 82 SUSAH CV + CVC 33 IALAH VV + CVC 83 TADI CV + CV 34 INGAT VC + CVC 84 TAHU CV + CV 35 INGIN VC + CVC 85 TAHUN CV + CVC 36 INI V + CV 86 TIDAK CV + CVC 37 ISU V + CV 87 TANYA CV + CCV 38 ITU V + CV 88 TELAH CV + CVC 39 IZIN V + CVC 89 TENTANG CVC + CVCC 40 JADI CV + CV 90 TERIMA CV + CV + CV 41 JANGAN CV + CCVC 91 TIDAK CV + CVC 42 JAWAB CV + CVC 92 TIPU CV + CV 43 JUGA CV + CV 93 TUAN CV + VC 44 JUTA CV + CV 94

Katherine Anne Porters The Jilting of Granny Weatherall :: The Jilting of Granny Weatherall

Katherine Anne Porter's The Jilting of Granny Weatherall "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall" was written by Katherine Anne Porter and first published in 1930. The story is of a women named Granny Weatherall who is on her deathbed. As she is surrounded by friends and family she remembers the life she has lived. She describes being jilted many times in her life, first by her husband-to-be and finally by death. The story was eventually made into a movie directed by Randa Haines. A major theme in the story is that of self-pity. As a result of Granny's wedding day jilting she feels sorry for herself throughout the rest of her life. She also has become suspicious of everyone. This is shown when the doctor is speaking to Cornelia in the beginning of the story, outside of Granny's room. Granny exclaims, "First off go away and don't whisper!" Granny was apparently under the impression that the two of them were speaking ill of her behind her back. Another common theme in many of Katherine Anne Porter's stories, including "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall", is that of death. Porter was captivated by death and dreamed of having a custom made wooden coffin after she saw a photograph taken at the funeral of one of her friends. After Porter and her nephew searched New York City; Katherine found an ad for a coffin maker in Montana and placed her order. The coffin arrived but was obviously too large for her and the large colorful flowers were not at all what she expected but regardless Katherine had her wooden coffin. Even after receiving her coffin she and her nephew discussed arrangements on several occasions. First she wanted to be buried in the wooden coffin wrapped in a linen bed sheet. Later she decided that she wanted to be cremated and have her ashes scattered in running water. Then she wanted her ashes buried next to her mother and by this time it seemed that the coffin was just a prop to amuse friends and reporters. These o bsessions with her own death may be the reason why many of her writings have themes of death including "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall". The main character Granny Weatherall is forced to evaluate how she feels about what her life has been as she lives her last day. Granny Weatherall seems to thrive on disillusionment and despair. Katherine Anne Porter's The Jilting of Granny Weatherall :: The Jilting of Granny Weatherall Katherine Anne Porter's The Jilting of Granny Weatherall "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall" was written by Katherine Anne Porter and first published in 1930. The story is of a women named Granny Weatherall who is on her deathbed. As she is surrounded by friends and family she remembers the life she has lived. She describes being jilted many times in her life, first by her husband-to-be and finally by death. The story was eventually made into a movie directed by Randa Haines. A major theme in the story is that of self-pity. As a result of Granny's wedding day jilting she feels sorry for herself throughout the rest of her life. She also has become suspicious of everyone. This is shown when the doctor is speaking to Cornelia in the beginning of the story, outside of Granny's room. Granny exclaims, "First off go away and don't whisper!" Granny was apparently under the impression that the two of them were speaking ill of her behind her back. Another common theme in many of Katherine Anne Porter's stories, including "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall", is that of death. Porter was captivated by death and dreamed of having a custom made wooden coffin after she saw a photograph taken at the funeral of one of her friends. After Porter and her nephew searched New York City; Katherine found an ad for a coffin maker in Montana and placed her order. The coffin arrived but was obviously too large for her and the large colorful flowers were not at all what she expected but regardless Katherine had her wooden coffin. Even after receiving her coffin she and her nephew discussed arrangements on several occasions. First she wanted to be buried in the wooden coffin wrapped in a linen bed sheet. Later she decided that she wanted to be cremated and have her ashes scattered in running water. Then she wanted her ashes buried next to her mother and by this time it seemed that the coffin was just a prop to amuse friends and reporters. These o bsessions with her own death may be the reason why many of her writings have themes of death including "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall". The main character Granny Weatherall is forced to evaluate how she feels about what her life has been as she lives her last day. Granny Weatherall seems to thrive on disillusionment and despair.

Banks of India and Bank

Project Report On CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CORPORATE GUIDE FACULTY GUIDE Mr. Ravi Parmar Mr. Rajnish mallick Relationship Manager Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the requirement of Post Graduate Diploma in management Submitted By Ankur Singh PGDM-III, Semester Batch- 2008-10 Roll no. 014908005 Centre for Management Technology Knowledge Park I Gr. Noida AcknowledgementsIf words are considered to be signs of gratitude then let these words Convey the very same My sincere gratitude to ICICI BANK for providing me with an opportunity to work with BANK and giving necessary directions on doing this project to the best of my abilities. I am highly indebted to Mr. Remay Verma, Branch Manager and Mr. Ravi Parmar (RM) company project guide, who has provided me with the necessary information and also for the support extended out to me in the completion of this report and his valuable suggestion and comments on bringing out this report in the best way possible. I also thank Prof.Anant Jyoti,(HO D of PGDM), who has sincerely supported me with the valuable insights into the completion of this project. I am grateful to all faculty members of C-Mat and my friends who have helped me in the successful completion of this project. | CONTENTS| | Sr. No. | Subject Covered| Page No. | 1| Acknowledgements| 2| 2| Executive Summary| 4| 3| My Project Objective| 7| 4| Banking Structure in India| 8| 5| Introduction| 9| 6| History of Banking in India| 10| 7| Bank In India| 17| 8| Fact Files of Banks in India| 19| 9| Indian Banking Industries| 26| 10| ICICI Bank | 28| 11| ICICI Group | 33| 2| Technology used in ICICI Bank| 39| 13| Product and Customer segments | 41| 11| Product| 44| 14| SWOT Analysis | 55| 15| Research Methodology| 57| 16| Company Efforts To Ensure Customer Satisfaction | 59| 17| Data Analysis | 69| 18| Comparison With SBI| 79| 19| SWOT Analysis(comparative)| 87| 20 | Questionnaire | 93| 21| Finding | 98| 22 | Suggestion | 99| 23 | Conclusion| 102| 24| Bibliography| 103| | E XECUTIVE SUMMARY Private banking is a concept which is new and fast emerging in the world of banking where changes have become a necessity in order for banks to survive n this competitive environment vis-a-vis not only from the public and private sector banks but also from the foreign banks. The objective of the research is to explore the various products, which a private banker deals into and the systematic process involved to match client requirements with the right kind of product. Through this research one of the main objectives is to explore the reason why most of the banks are injecting private banking as business profile to their set of service offerings. Though private banking evolved in late 80’s in Asia, in India its not more than 5 years old.ICICI started it in Aug 2002 and since then it has been a remarkable success. Today there are enormous solutions to cater client needs but what suits best to a client is where private banking fits in. Every client will have dif ferent needs, liking and preferences. So a customized portfolio for every client is the need of the day. This research will highlight more on the product portfolio of ICICI Private Banking, how they have changed or innovatively structured to be attractive and competitive. Research objective 1. To draw the comparative analysis of ICICI BANK Ltd with SBI etc. 2.To identify the major attributes of customer satisfaction. 3. To study customer perception about ICICI BANK Ltd. 4. To identify and study the various ways of ensuring customer satisfaction adopted by ICICI BANK Vs HDFC & SBI. ————————————————- BANKING STRUCTURE IN INDIA Scheduled Banks in India (A) Scheduled Commercial Banks Public sector Banks| Private sector Banks| Foreign Banks in India| Regional Rural Bank| (28)| (27)| (29)| (102)| * Nationalized Bank * Other Public Sector Banks (IDBI) * SBI and its Associates| * Old Private Banks * New Private Banks| | | B) Scheduled Cooperative Banks Scheduled Urban Cooperative Banks (55)| Scheduled State Cooperative Banks (31)| Here we more concerned about private sector banks and competition among them. Today, there are 27 private sector banks in the banking sector: 19 old private sector banks and 8 new private sector banks. These new banks have brought in state-of-the-art technology and aggressively marketed their products. The Public sector banks are facing a stiff competition from the new private sector banks.The banks which have been setup in the 1990s under the guidelines of the Narasimham Committee are referred to as NEW PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS. introduction The banking section will navigate through all the aspects of the Banking System in India. It will discuss upon the matters with the birth of the banking concept in the country to new players adding their names in the industry in coming few years. The banker of all banks, Reserve Bank of India (RBI ), the Indian Banks Association (IBA) and top 20 banks like IDBI, HSBC, ICICI, ABN AMRO, etc. as been well defined under three separate heads with one page dedicated to each bank. However, in the introduction part of the entire banking cosmos, the past has been well explained under three different heads namely: * History of Banking in India * Nationalization of Banks in India * Scheduled Commercial Banks in India The first deals with the history part since the dawn of banking system in India. Government took major step in the 1969 to put the banking sector into systems and it nationalized 14 private banks in the mentioned year. This has been elaborated in Nationalization Banks in India.The last but not the least explains about the scheduled and unscheduled banks in India. Section 42 (6) (a) of RBI Act 1934 lays down the condition of scheduled commercial banks. The descriptions along with a list of scheduled commercial banks are given on this page. * HISTORY OF BANKING IN INDIA Witho ut a sound and effective banking system in India it cannot have a healthy economy. The banking system of India should not only be hassle free but it should be able to meet new challenges posed by the technology and any other external and internal factors.For the past three decades India's banking system has several outstanding achievements to its credit. The most striking is its extensive reach. It is no longer confined to only metropolitans or cosmopolitans in India. In fact, Indian banking system has reached even to the remote corners of the country. This is one of the main reasons of India's growth process. The government's regular policy for Indian bank since 1969 has paid rich dividends with the nationalization of 14 major private banks of India.Not long ago, an account holder had to wait for hours at the bank counters for getting a draft or for withdrawing his own money. Today, he has a choice. Gone are days when the most efficient bank transferred money from one branch to oth er in two days. Now it is simple as instant messaging or dial a pizza. Money have become the order of the day. The first bank in India, though conservative, was established in 1786. From 1786 till today, the journey of Indian Banking System can be segregated into three distinct phases. They are as mentioned below: * Early phase from 1786 to 1969 of Indian Banks Nationalization of Indian Banks and up to 1991 prior to Indian banking sector Reforms. * New phase of Indian Banking System with the advent of Indian Financial ; Banking Sector Reforms after 1991. To make this write-up more explanatory, I prefix the scenario as Phase I, Phase II and Phase III. Phase I The General Bank of India was set up in the year 1786. Next came Bank of Hindustan and Bengal Bank. The East India Company established Bank of Bengal (1809), Bank of Bombay (1840) and Bank of Madras (1843) as independent units and called it Presidency Banks.These three banks were amalgamated in 1920 and Imperial Bank of India wa s established which started as private shareholders banks, mostly Europeans shareholders. In 1865 Allahabad Bank was established and first time exclusively by Indians, Punjab National Bank Ltd. was set up in 1894 with headquarters at Lahore. Between 1906 and 1913, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, Indian Bank, and Bank of Mysore were set up. Reserve Bank of India came in 1935. During the first phase the growth was very slow and banks also experienced periodic failures between 1913 and 1948.There were approximately 1100 banks, mostly small. To streamline the functioning and activities of commercial banks, the Government of India came up with The Banking Companies Act, 1949 which was later changed to Banking Regulation Act 1949 as per amending Act of 1965 (Act No. 23 of 1965). Reserve Bank of India was vested with extensive powers for the supervision of banking in India as the Central Banking Authority. During those day’s public has lesser confi dence in the banks. As an aftermath deposit mobilization was slow. Abreast of it the savings bank facility provided by the Postal department was comparatively safer.Moreover, funds were largely given to traders. Phase II Government took major steps in this Indian Banking Sector Reform after independence. In 1955, it nationalized Imperial Bank of India with extensive banking facilities on a large scale especially in rural and semi-urban areas. It formed State Bank of India to act as the principal agent of RBI and to handle banking transactions of the Union and State Governments all over the country. Seven banks forming subsidiary of State Bank of India was nationalized in 1960 on 19th July, 1969, major process of nationalization was carried out.It was the effort of the then Prime Minister of India, Mrs. Indira Gandhi. 14 major commercial banks in the country was nationalized. Second phase of nationalization Indian Banking Sector Reform was carried out in 1980 with seven more banks. T his step brought 80% of the banking segment in India under Government ownership. The following are the steps taken by the Government of India to Regulate Banking Institutions in the Country: * 1949: Enactment of Banking Regulation Act. * 1955: Nationalization of State Bank of India. * 1959: Nationalization of SBI subsidiaries. 1961: Insurance cover extended to deposits. * 1969: Nationalization of 14 major banks. * 1971: Creation of credit guarantee corporation. * 1975: Creation of regional rural banks. * 1980: Nationalization of seven banks with deposits over 200 crore. After the nationalization of banks, the branches of the public sector bank India rose to approximately 800% in deposits and advances took a huge jump by 11,000%. Banking in the sunshine of Government ownership gave the public implicit faith and immense confidence about the sustainability of these institutions. Phase IIIThis phase has introduced many more products and facilities in the banking sector in its reforms me asure. In 1991, under the chairmanship of M Narasimham, a committee was set up by his name which worked for the liberalization of banking practices. The country is flooded with foreign banks and their ATM stations. Efforts are being put to give a satisfactory service to customers. Phone banking and net banking is introduced. The entire system became more convenient and swift. Time is given more importance than money. The financial system of India has shown a great deal of resilience.It is sheltered from any crisis triggered by any external macroeconomics shock as other East Asian Countries suffered. This is all due to a flexible exchange rate regime, the foreign reserves are high, the capital account is not yet fully convertible, and banks and their customers have limited foreign exchange exposure. BANKS IN INDIA In India the banks are being segregated in different groups. Each group has their own benefits and limitations in operating in India. Each has their own dedicated target ma rket. Few of them only work in rural sector while others in both rural as well as urban.Many even are only catering in cities. Some are of Indian origin and some are foreign players. All these details and many more is discussed over here. The banks and its relation with the customers, their mode of operation, the names of banks under different groups and other such useful information’s are talked about. One more section has been taken note of is the upcoming foreign banks in India. The RBI has shown certain interest to involve more of foreign banks than the existing one recently. This step has paved a way for few more foreign banks to start business in India. Major Banks in India| ABN-AMRO Bank * Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank * American Express Bank * Andhra Bank * Allahabad Bank * Bank of Baroda * Bank of India * Bank of Maharastra * Bank of Punjab * Bank of Rajasthan * Bank of Ceylon * BNP Paribas Bank * Canara Bank * Catholic Syrian Bank * Central Bank of India * Centurion Ban k * China Trust Commercial Bank * Citi Bank * City Union Bank * Corporation Bank * Dena Bank * Deutsche Bank * Development Credit Bank * Dhanalakshmi Bank * Federal Bank * HDFC Bank * HSBC ICICI Bank * IDBI Bank * Indian Bank | * Indian Overseas Bank * IndusInd Bank * ING Vysya Bank * Jammu ; Kashmir Bank * JPMorgan Chase Bank * Karnataka Bank * Karur Vysya Bank * Laxmi Vilas Bank * Oriental Bank of Commerce * Punjab National Bank * Punjab ; Sind Bank * Scotia Bank * South Indian Bank * Standard Chartered Bank * State Bank of India (SBI) * State Bank of Bikaner ; Jaipur * State Bank of Hyderabad * State Bank of Indore * State Bank of Mysore * State Bank of Saurastra * State Bank of Travancore * Syndicate Bank * Taib Bank * UCO Bank * Union Bank of India * United Bank of India * United Bank Of India * United Western Bank * UTI Bank | Fact Files of Banks in India The first, the oldest, the largest, the biggest, get all such types of information’s about Banking in India in this section. The first bank in India to be given an ISO Certification| Canara Bank| The first bank in Northern India to get ISO 9002 certification for their selected branches| Punjab and Sind Bank| The first Indian bank to have been started solely with Indian capital| Punjab National Bank| The first among the private sector banks in Kerala to become a scheduled bank in 1946 under the RBIAct| South Indian Bank| India's oldest, largest and most successful commercial bank, offering the widest possible range of domestic, international and NRI products and services, through its vast network in India and overseas| State Bank of India| India's second largest private sector bank and is now the largest scheduled commercial bank in India| The Federal Bank Limited| Bank which started as private shareholders banks, mostly Europeans shareholders| Imperial Bank of India| The first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Pari s in 1974| Bank of India, founded in 1906 in Mumbai| The oldest Public Sector Bank in India having branches all over India and serving the customers for the last 132 years| Allahabad Bank| The first Indian commercial bank which was wholly owned and managed by Indians| Central Bank of India| | | Bank of India was founded in 1906 in Mumbai. It became the first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Paris in 1974. PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS Among the Public Sector Banks in India, United Bank of India is one of the 14 major banks, which were nationalized on July 19, 1969. Its predecessor, in the Public Sector Banks, the United Bank of India Ltd. , was formed in 1950 with the amalgamation of four banks viz. Camilla Banking Corporation Ltd. (1914), Bengal Central Bank Ltd. (1918), Camilla Union Bank Ltd. (1922) and Hooghly Bank Ltd. (1932).Oriental Bank of Commerce (OBC), Government of India Undertaking offers Domestic , NRI and Commercial banking services. OBC is implementing a GRAMEEN PROJECT in Dehradun District (UP) and Hanumangarh District (Rajasthan) disbursing small loans. This Public Sector Bank India has implemented 14 point action plan for strengthening of credit delivery to women and has designated 5 branches as specialized branches for women entrepreneurs. The following are the list of Public Sector Banks in India * Allahabad Bank * Andhra Bank * Bank of Baroda * Bank of India * Bank of Maharastra * Canara Bank * Central Bank of India * Corporation Bank * Dena Bank * Indian Bank * Indian Overseas Bank * Oriental Bank of Commerce Punjab ; Sind Bank * Punjab National Bank * Syndicate Bank * UCO Bank * Union Bank of India * United Bank of India * Vijaya Bank List of State Bank of India and its subsidiary, a Public Sector Banks * State Bank of India * State Bank of Bikaner ; Jaipur * State Bank of Hyderabad * State Bank of Indore * State Bank of Mysore * State Bank of Saurastra * State Ban k of Travancore PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS: Private banking in India was practiced since the beginning of banking system in India. The first private bank in India to be set up in Private Sector Banks in India was IndusInd Bank. It is one of the fastest growing Bank Private Sector Banks in India.IDBI ranks the tenth largest development bank in the world as Private Banks in India and has promoted world class institutions in India. The first Private Bank in India to receive an in principle approval from the Reserve Bank of India was Housing Development Finance Corporation Limited, to set up a bank in the private sector banks in India as part of the RBI's liberalization of the Indian Banking Industry. It was incorporated in August 1994 as HDFC Bank Limited with registered office in Mumbai and commenced operations as Scheduled Commercial Bank in January 1995. ING Vysya, yet another Private Bank of India was incorporated in the year 1930. Bangalore has a pride of place for having the first bran ch inception in the year 1934.With successive years of patronage and constantly setting new standards in banking, ING Vysya Bank has many credits to its account. List of Private Banks in India * Bank of Punjab * Bank of Rajasthan * Catholic Syrian Bank * Centurion Bank * City Union Bank * Dhanalakshmi Bank * Development Credit Bank * Federal Bank * HDFC Bank * ICICI Bank * IDBI Bank * IndusInd Bank * ING Vysya Bank * Jammu & Kashmir Bank * Karnataka Bank * Karur Vysya Bank * Laxmi Vilas Bank * South Indian Bank * United Western Bank INDIAN BANKING INDUSTRY The Indian banking market is growing at an astonishing rate, with Assets expected to reach US$1 trillion by 2010.An expanding economy, middle class, and technological innovations are all contributing to this growth. The country’s middle class accounts for over 320 million People. In correlation with the growth of the economy, rising income levels, increased standard of living, and affordability of banking products are promi sing factors for continued expansion. The Indian banking market is growing at an astonishing rate, with Assets expected to reach US$1 trillion by 2010. An expanding economy, middle class, and technological innovations are all contributing to this growth. The Indian banking Industry is in the middle of an IT revolution, Focusing on the expansion of retail and rural banking.Players are becoming increasingly customer – centric in their approach, which has resulted in innovative methods of offering new banking products and services. Banks are now realizing the importance of being a big player and are beginning to focus their attention on mergers and acquisitions to take advantage of economies of scale and/or comply with Basel II regulation. â€Å"Indian banking industry assets are expected to reach US$1 trillion by 2010 and are poised to receive a greater infusion of foreign capital,† says Prathima Rajan, analyst in Celent's banking group and author of the report. â€Å"T he banking industry should focus on having a small number of large players that can compete globally rather than having a large number of fragmented players. † | |Type| Private, BSE & NSE, NYSE| Founded| 1955 (as Industrial credit and Investment corporation of India)| Headquarters| ICICI Bank Ltd. , ICICI Bank Towers, Bandra Kurla Mumbai, India| Key people| N Vaghul, K. V. Kamath, Chanda Kochhar, V Vaidyanathan, Madhabi Puri | Industry| Banking Insurance Capital Markets and allied industries| Products| Loans, Credit Cards, Savings, Investment vehicles, Insurance etc. | Revenue| ^ USD 5. 79 billion| Total assets| Rs. 3,997. 95 billion (US$ 100 billion) at March 31, 2008. | Overview ICICI Bank (formerly Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India).ICICI Limited was established in 1955 by the World Bank, the Government of India and the Indian Industry, for the promotion of industrial development in India by giving project and corporate finance to the industries in India . ICICI Bank has grown from a development bank to a financial conglomerate and has become one of the largest public financial institutions in India. ICICI Bank has financed all the major sectors of the economy, covering 6,848 companies and 16,851 projects. As of March 31, 2000, ICICI had disbursed a total of Rs. 1,13,070 crores, since inception. ICICI Bank Fact Files: Total assets: Rs. 146,214 crore (December 31, 2004) Network: 530 branches ATMs: Over 1,880 Abroad Subsidiaries: United Kingdom and Canada Abroad branches: Singapore and Bahrain Representative offices: United States, China, United Arab Emirates, and Bangladesh and South Africa.ICICI Bank is India's second-largest bank with total assets of about Rs. 2,513. 89 bn (US$ 56. 3 bn) at March 31, 2006 and profit after tax of Rs. 25. 40 bn (US$ 569 mn) for the year ended March 31, 2006 (Rs. 20. 05 bn (US$ 449 mn) for the year ended March 31, 2005). ICICI Bank has a network of about 614 branches and extension counters and over 2, 200 ATMs. ICICI Bank offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its specialized subsidiaries and affiliates in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management.ICICI Bank set up its international banking group in fiscal 2002 to cater to the cross border needs of clients and leverage on its domestic banking strengths to offer products internationally. ICICI Bank (BSE: ICICI) ( Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India) is India's largest private sector bank in market capitalization and second largest overall in terms of assets. Bank has total assets of about USD 100 billion (at the end of March 2008), a network of over 1,491 branches, 22 regional offices and 49 regional processing centers, about 4,485 ATMs (at the end of September 2008), and 24 million customers (at the end of July 2007).ICICI Bank offers a wide range o f banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and specialized subsidiaries and affiliates in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management. (These data are dynamic. ) ICICI Bank is also the largest issuer of credit cards in India. ICICI Bank has got its equity shares listed on the stock exchanges at Kolkata and Vadodara, Mumbai and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited, and its ADRs on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The Bank is expanding in overseas markets and has the largest international balance sheet among Indian banks. ICICI Bank now has wholly-owned subsidiaries, branches and representatives offices in 18 countries, including an offshore unit in Mumbai.This includes wholly owned subsidiaries in Canada, Russia and the UK (the subsidiary through which the hisave savings brand is operated), offshore banking units in Bahrain and Singapore, an adviso ry branch in Dubai, branches in Belgium, Hong Kong and Sri Lanka, and representative offices in Bangladesh, China, Malaysia, Indonesia, South Africa, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates and USA. Overseas, the Bank is targeting the NRI (Non-Resident Indian) population in particular. ICICI reported a 1. 15% rise in net profit to Rs. 1,014. 21 crore on a 1. 29% increase in total income to Rs. 9,712. 31 crore in Q2 September 2008 over Q2 September 2007. The bank's current and savings account (CASA) ratio increased to 30% in 2008 from 25% in 2007.ICICI Bank currently has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Russia and Canada, branches in Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka and Dubai International Finance Center and representative offices in the United States, United Arab Emirates, China, South Africa and Bangladesh. Our UK subsidiary has established a branch in Belgium. ICICI Bank is the most valuable bank in India in terms of market capitalization. ICICI Bank's equity shares are list ed in India on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited and its American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). ICICI Bank has formulated a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for its Directors and employees.At June 5, 2006, ICICI Bank, with free float market capitalization of about Rs. 480. 00 billion (US$ 10. 8 billion) ranked third amongst all the companies listed on the Indian stock exchanges. ICICI Bank was originally promoted in 1994 by ICICI Limited, an Indian financial Institution, and was its wholly owned subsidiary. ICICI's shareholding in ICICI Bank was reduced to 46% through a public offering of shares in India in fiscal 1998, an equity offering in the form of ADRs listed on the NYSE in fiscal 2000, ICICI Bank's acquisition of Bank of Madura Limited in an all-stock amalgamation in fiscal 2001, and secondary market sales by ICICI to institutional investors in fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2002.ICICI was form ed in 1955 at the initiative of The World Bank, the Government of India and representatives of Indian industry. The principal objective was to create a development financial institution for Providing medium-term and long-term project financing to Indian businesses. In the 1990s, ICICI transformed its business from a development financial institution offering only project finance to a diversified financial service group offering a wide variety of products and services, both directly and through a number of subsidiaries and affiliates like ICICI Bank. In 1999, ICICI become the first Indian company and the first bank or financial institution from non-Japan Asia to be listed on the NYSE.In October 2001, the Boards of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI and two of its wholly owned retail finance subsidiaries, ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank. The merger was approved by shareholders of ICICI and ICICI Bank in January 2002, by the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmadabad in March 2002, and by the High Court of Judicature at Mumbai and the Reserve Bank of India in April 2002. Consequent to the merger, the ICICI group's financing and banking Operations, both wholesale and retail, have been integrated in a single entity. Free float holding excludes all promoter holdings, strategic investments and Cross holdings among  Ã‚  Ã‚   public sector entities. BUSINESS OBJECTIVES Vision To be the leading provider of financial services in India and a major global bank. Mission We will leverage our people, technology, speed and financial capital to: be the banker of first choice for our customers by delivering high quality, world-class service. * Expand the frontiers of our business globally. * Play a proactive role in the full realisation of India’s potential. * maintain a healthy financial profile and diversify our earnings across businesses and geographies. * Maintain high standards of gov ernance and ethics. * Contribute positively to the various countries and markets in which we operate. * Create value for our stakeholders. * Product and Services Service and banking of ICICI bank categorized in to personal banking, business banking and NRI banking services. Personal banking- Deposit in form of saving, recurring, term deposit, senior itizen deposit and children depository account are there for individual customer can also avail of their housing, automobile, farm equipment, business or personal loan scheme. Personal client can also invest in mutual funds and participate in stock trading through ICICI bank. Business banking  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Business banking services of ICICI Bank are exhaustive. Project financing, deal assessment, and land evaluation are investment banking services offered to corporate clients. Global trade and cash management transaction services facilitate remittances and receipts across important cities. Capital market and custodial services enable busin ess houses to participate in equity trading and transfer across major stock markets of world.Customer ICICI bank targets all segment of customer with various types of products and services. I interacted with a a lot of customers and collect their feedback on the given services of company, and feedback are positive response from all point of view. Customers are beneficiary from both sides monetary as well as non monetary. The bank targets to add nearly 500,000 customers under the new scheme in the next one year and plans to offer auto loans through the new online channel in the future, ICICI Bank's Executive Director, V Vaidyanathan, said here. â€Å"As of now, nearly 24 per cent of our customer transactions are happening through internet.We are primarily targeting our urban customers, who constitute nearly 70 per cent of our total customer-base,† Vaidyanathan said. Customers, opting for the service can also benefit from the quantum optima facility, wherein if the balance exce eds Rs 5,000, the money will automatically be transferred to a fixed deposit scheme, he said. The facility, which also enable customers to transact between an ICICI Bank account and accounts in other banks, is being offered free of cost, he said ICICI bank, presently, has above 2 crore customers. The lender opened nearly 470 branches in the last fiscal. The lender has also plans to launch ‘SMS n Cash' scheme later this week under which ICICI account holders can transfer funds to those who do not have a bank account.ICICI bank is strongly committed to protecting the privacy of its customers and has taken all necessary and reasonable measures to protect the confidentiality of the customer information and its transmission through the world wide web and it shall not be held liable for disclosure of the confidential information when in accordance with this privacy commitment or in terms of the agreements, if any, with the customers. ICICI bank Endeavour’s to safeguard and en sure the security of the information provided by the customer. ICICI bank uses 128-bit encryption, for the transmission of the information, which is currently the permitted level of encryption in India.When the information provided by the customers is not transmitted through this encryption, the customer's system (if configured accordingly) will display an appropriate message ensuring the best level of secrecy for the customer's information. The customer would be required to cooperate with ICICI bank in order to ensure the security of the information, and it is recommended that the customers necessarily choose their passwords carefully such that no unauthorized access is made by a third party. To make the password complex and difficult for others to guess, the customers should use combination of alphabets, numbers and special characters (like! @, #, $ etc. ).The customers should undertake not to disclose their password to anyone or keep any written or other record of the password su ch that a third party could access it. * ICICI bank undertakes not to disclose the information provided by the customers to any person, unless such action is necessary to: * Conform to legal requirements or comply with legal process; * Protect and defend ICICI bank's or its affiliates rights, interests or property; * Enforce the terms and conditions of the products or services; or * Act to protect the interests of ICICI bank, its affiliates, or its members, constituents or of other persons. Competitor The main competitor of is ICICI bank is SBI because this bank is totally taken by government after this bank HDFC bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank .There are different types of segment operation semment, investment and services, demat and NRI services. The competitor from the operation segment are State Bank of India(SBI), Axis, Housing Development and Financial corporation(HDFC) etc. From the investment And service sector HDFC standard life insurance corporation, Bharati Axa life insurance ,Reliance Life Insurance Corporation, Max new work life insurance SBI Life insurance,Life Insurance Corporation of India. In demat section India bull,Anangram,SBI,HDFC,India Infoline are the main competitor of ICICI bank. In the NRI service section the Western Union bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank.There are some other company who also compete with the ICICI bank After the SBI the HDFC bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank. HDFC Bank Ltd. is a commercial bank of India, incorporated in August 1994, after the Reserve Bank of India allowed establishing private sector banks. The Bank was promoted by the Housing Development Finance Corporation, a premier housing finance company (set up in 1977) of India. HDFC Bank has 1,500 branches and over 2,890 ATMs, in 530 cities in India, and all branches of the bank are linked on an online real-time basis. As of September 30, 2008 the bank had total assets of INR 1006. 82 billion. State Bank of India is the largest bank in India.It is also, measured by the number of branch offices and employees, the second largest bank in the world. [citation needed] The bank traces its ancestry back through the Imperial Bank of India to the founding in 1806 of the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest commercial bank in the Indian Subcontinent. The Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of India in 1955, with the Reserve Bank of India taking a 60% stake, and renamed it the State Bank of India. In 2008, the Government took over the stake held by the Reserve Bank of India. SBI provides a range of banking products through its vast network in India and overseas, including products aimed at NRIs.With an asset base of $126 billion and its reach, it is a regional banking behemoth. SBI has laid emphasis on reducing the huge manpower through Golden handshake schemes and computerizing its operations. The State Bank Group, with over 16000 branches , has the largest branch network in India. It has a market share among Indian commercial banks of about 20% in deposits and advances, and SBI accounts for almost one-fifth of the nation’s loans. There are some other banks which gives challenging some how in the banking and service sectorthey are: * Allahabad Bank * Andhra Bank * Bank of Baroda * Bank of India * Bank of Maharashtra * Canara Bank * Central Bank of India Corporation Bank * Dena Bank * IDBI Bank * Indian Bank * Indian Overseas Bank * Oriental Bank of Commerce * Punjab & Sind Bank * Punjab National Bank * Syndicate Bank * UCO Bank * Union Bank of India * United Bank of India * Vijaya Bank Environment An employer the bank extends a lot of authority along with justified accountability to you. The working culture is very collaborative in nature. It can be owed to the fact that the bank is highly segmented with a lot of overlapping and mostly distinct roles and responsibility. ICICI Bank has established itself as a one stop solution (Universal Bank) for all financial need of indivi duals and institutions alike.The credit for the same can be attributed to its vast network, probably the largest among private sector banks. This makes the life of an employee a lot easier, especially for those who face the external customers. You do not have to justify your organization, it is only the product that has to be pitched. As far as employee benefits are concerned, ICICI Bank offers a lot of financial benefits ranging from your family health insurance to your kids school donations. The organization is sensitive to the needs of its employees as this quality is one of the building blocks (DNA) of the organizational culture. The organization will be giving you enough flexibility to innovate and come-up with new ideas.It will also exhibit its in terms of well laid systems, processes and infrastructure. It will extend a fast track growth for those with extraordinary talent at the same time offer stability to those who are able to deliver satisfactorily. Overall, I would say i t’s a lifetime experience to work with such a behemoth organization. It might not be the best paymaster but it definitely will impress you with its capability as the head master (Principal) of banking industry. there are huge competition between the eployee to achieve theo goal. BUSINESS OBJECTIVES: Vision To be the leading provider of financial services in India and a major global bank. Mission We will leverage our people, technology, speed and financial capital to: be the banker of first choice for our customers by delivering high quality, world-class service. * expand the frontiers of our business globally. * play a proactive role in the full realisation of India’s potential. * maintain a healthy financial profile and diversify our earnings across businesses and geographies. * maintain high standards of governance and ethics. * contribute positively to the various countries and markets in which we operate. * create value for our stakeholders. Product and Services Se rvice and banking of ICICI bank categorized in to personal banking, business banking and NRI banking services.Personal banking- Deposit in form of saving, recurring, term deposit, senior citizen deposit and children depository account are there for individual customer can also avail of their housing, automobile, farm equipment, business or personal loan scheme. Personal client can also invest in mutual funds and participate in stock trading through ICICI bank. Business banking  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Business banking services of ICICI Bank are exhaustive. Project financing, deal assessment, and land evaluation are investment banking services offered to corporate clients. Global trade and cash management transaction services facilitate remittances and receipts across important cities. Capital market and custodial services enable business houses to participate in equity trading and transfer across major stock markets of world.CUSTOMER ICICI bank targets all segment of customer with various types of products and services. I interacted with a a lot of customers and collect their feedback on the given services of company, and feedback are positive response from all point of view. Customers are beneficiary from both sides monetary as well as non monetary. The bank targets to add nearly 500,000 customers under the new scheme in the next one year and plans to offer auto loans through the new online channel in the future, ICICI Bank's Executive Director, V Vaidyanathan, said here. â€Å"As of now, nearly 24 per cent of our customer transactions are happening through internet.We are primarily targeting our urban customers, who constitute nearly 70 per cent of our total customer-base,† Vaidyanathan said. Customers, opting for the service can also benefit from the quantum optima facility, wherein if the balance exceeds Rs 5,000, the money will automatically be transferred to a fixed deposit scheme, he said. The facility, which also enable customers to transact between an ICICI Bank account and accounts in other banks, is being offered free of cost, he said ICICI bank, presently, has above 2 crore customers. The lender opened nearly 470 branches in the last fiscal. The lender has also plans to launch ‘SMS n Cash' scheme later this week under which ICICI account holders can transfer funds to those who do not have a bank account.ICICI bank is strongly committed to protecting the privacy of its customers and has taken all necessary and reasonable measures to protect the confidentiality of the customer information and its transmission through the world wide web and it shall not be held liable for disclosure of the confidential information when in accordance with this privacy commitment or in terms of the agreements, if any, with the customers. ICICI bank Endeavour’s to safeguard and ensure the security of the information provided by the customer. ICICI bank uses 128-bit encryption, for the transmission of the information, which is currently the p ermitted level of encryption in India.When the information provided by the customers is not transmitted through this encryption, the customer's system (if configured accordingly) will display an appropriate message ensuring the best level of secrecy for the customer's information. The customer would be required to cooperate with ICICI bank in order to ensure the security of the information, and it is recommended that the customers necessarily choose their passwords carefully such that no unauthorized access is made by a third party. To make the password complex and difficult for others to guess, the customers should use combination of alphabets, numbers and special characters (like! @, #, $ etc. ). The customers should undertake not to disclose their password to anyone or keep any written or other record of the password such that a third party could access it. ICICI bank undertakes not to disclose the information provided by the customers to any person, unless such action is necessa ry to: * Conform to legal requirements or comply with legal process; * Protect and defend ICICI bank's or its affiliates rights, interests or property; * Enforce the terms and conditions of the products or services; or * Act to protect the interests of ICICI bank, its affiliates, or its members, constituents or of other persons. COMPETITOR The main competitor of is ICICI bank is SBI because this bank is totally taken by government after this bank HDFC bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank . There are different types of segment operation semment, investment and services, demat and NRI services. The competitor from the operation segment are State Bank of India(SBI), Axis, Housing Development and Financial corporation(HDFC) etc.From the investment And service sector HDFC standard life insurance corporation, Bharati Axa life insurance ,Reliance Life Insurance Corporation, Max new work life insurance SBI Life insurance,Life Insurance Corporation of India. In demat section India bull, Anangram,SBI,HDFC,India Infoline are the main competitor of ICICI bank. In the NRI service section the Western Union bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank. There are some other company who also compete with the ICICI bank After the SBI the HDFC bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank. HDFC Bank Ltd. is a commercial bank of India, incorporated in August 1994, after the Reserve Bank of India allowed establishing private sector banks.The Bank was promoted by the Housing Development Finance Corporation, a premier housing finance company (set up in 1977) of India. HDFC Bank has 1,500 branches and over 2,890 ATMs, in 530 cities in India, and all branches of the bank are linked on an online real-time basis. As of September 30, 2008 the bank had total assets of INR 1006. 82 billion. State Bank of India is the largest bank in India. It is also, measured by the number of branch offices and employees, the second largest bank in the world. [citation needed] The bank traces its ancestry ba ck through the Imperial Bank of India to the founding in 1806 of the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest commercial bank in the Indian Subcontinent.The Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of India in 1955, with the Reserve Bank of India taking a 60% stake, and renamed it the State Bank of India. In 2008, the Government took over the stake held by the Reserve Bank of India. SBI provides a range of banking products through its vast network in India and overseas, including products aimed at NRIs. With an asset base of $126 billion and its reach, it is a regional banking behemoth. SBI has laid emphasis on reducing the huge manpower through Golden handshake schemes and computerizing its operations. The State Bank Group, with over 16000 branches , has the largest branch network in India. It has a market share among Indian commercial banks of about 20% in deposits and advances, and SBI accounts for almost one-fifth of the nation’s loans.There are some other banks w hich gives challenging some how in the banking and service sectorthey are: * Allahabad Bank * Andhra Bank * Bank of Baroda * Bank of India * Bank of Maharashtra * Canara Bank * Central Bank of India * Corporation Bank * Dena Bank * IDBI Bank * Indian Bank * Indian Overseas Bank * Oriental Bank of Commerce * Punjab & Sind Bank * Punjab National Bank * Syndicate Bank * UCO Bank * Union Bank of India * United Bank of India * Vijaya Bank ENVIRONMENT An employer the bank extends a lot of authority along with justified accountability to you. The working culture is very collaborative in nature. It can be owed to the fact that the bank is highly segmented with a lot of overlapping and mostly distinct roles and responsibility.ICICI Bank has established itself as a one stop solution (Universal Bank) for all financial need of individuals and institutions alike. The credit for the same can be attributed to its vast network, probably the largest among private sector banks. This makes the life of an employee a lot easier, especially for those who face the external customers. You do not have to justify your organization, it is only the product that has to be pitched. As far as employee benefits are concerned, ICICI Bank offers a lot of financial benefits ranging from your family health insurance to your kids school donations. The organization is sensitive to the needs of its employees as this quality is one of the building blocks (DNA) of the organizational culture.The organization will be giving you enough flexibility to innovate and come-up with new ideas. It will also exhibit its in terms of well laid systems, processes and infrastructure. It will extend a fast track growth for those with extraordinary talent at the same time offer stability to those who are able to deliver satisfactorily. Overall, I would say it’s a lifetime experience to work with such a behemoth organization. It might not be the best paymaster but it definitely will impress you with its capabili ty as the head master (Principal) of banking industry. there are huge competition between the eployee to achieve theo goal. TECHNOLOGY ICICI use many type of advance technological software like Pinnacle 7. 0 and Pinnacle7. 016.Among from this software ICICI bank uses the e-banking, core banking, mobile banking electronic display sy ICICI Bank was using Teradata for its data warehouse. However, due to its proprietary hardware, the cost of procurement, upgrades and administration was soaring. The closed box architecture of Teradata imposed restrictions on scalability. Secondly, querying and loading could not happen simultaneously. Queries could only be run during business hours because the loading of data had to take place during off-business hours. This meant that the refresh rate of EDW was delayed, so queries may not reflect the most current data. ICICI Bank was also dependent on Teradata for support and other activities: The bank was completely tied down to that solution.These iss ues compelled ICICI Bank to look for more efficient and flexible solutions. The solution would have to address not only current issues, but accommodate future growth expectations and business requirements. ICICI Bank evaluated numerous data warehousing solutions in the pursuit of solving its issues, and developed a shortlist of alternatives for its migration proof-of-concept: Sybase, SAS and Netezza. The primary criteria for evaluation was the price-to-performance ratio where Sybase IQ emerged the clear winner. During this rigorous testing, Sybase IQ delivered faster results on independent hardware and operating systems with minimum infrastructure.Commending the improvements achieved, Amit Sethi, Joint General Manager, ICICI bank says, â€Å"What impressed us wasthat even with overall lower costs, we could achieve significantly better query performanceafter implementing the Sybase enterprise warehouse solution. † ICICI Infotech today launched an enterprise resource planning ( ERP) solution for the small and medium enterprises. The ERP package – Orion Advantage – comes bundled with an HP dual processor Xeon server, Oracle 9i database, Windows 2003 server and costs about Rs 9. 90 lakh and has a 15-user license. An ERP package helps a manufacturer or any other business implementing it to manage all the important parts in the company such as product planning, parts purchasing, maintaining inventory and interacting with suppliers and customers.ICICI Infotech officials told a press conference here today that Orion Advantage offered a set of business practice solutions for industry segments such as engineering, auto ancillary, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and IT distribution. Besides the cost advantage, the ERP package also came pre-configured. ICICI Infotech had mapped the processes specific to each industry segment into the package. Mr. Manoj Kunkalienkar, Executive Director and President, ICICI Infotech, said that small and medium enterprises (SM Es) offered a good market and ICICI Infotech hoped to become a leading solution provider to this segment. Mr. R. K. Kanthi, Deputy General Manager, ICICI Infotech, said there was no ERP package for the SMEs that bundled the server, database and operating system right now.That was the advantage ICICI Infotech offered to SMEs as Orion Advantage came bundled and pre-configured. Besides the high cost of generic ERP packages, their implementation time as far as SMEs were concerned was also long. Orion Advantage could be installed in 45 days. ICICI Infotech had signed up six customers so far for the package and hoped to garner a 15 per cent market share of the SME segment, whose number in the country was estimated at 2. 30 lakh. Mr. K. S. Natarajan, Managing Director, Trident Pneumatics Pvt Ltd of Coimbatore, one of the companies that had installed Orion Advantage, said that the company had tried three other ERP packages, all of which had failed, before settling on Orion Advantage.Mr Kunk alienkar said that ICICI Infotech planned to move the two development centers in Chennai into a single location and double the staff strength from 300 now in the next two years. The Chennai centers were involved in research and development of Orion ERP solutions and Premia, an insurance package. ERP Systems Integration Pinnacle Software Solutions has the expertise and experience to assist you with your enterprise systems integration. From developing your strategy, through implementation and support, we bring the right combination of resources, management skillsets, and technical know-how. We will help you successfully integrate your  Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)  systems into your overall business and technology infrastructure.Whether you are planning an upgrade of an existing ERP system, or a complete replacement of a legacy application and platform, we can help you improve your financial, human resources, electronic mail, and other business systems. We work with the lead ing ERP systems, including the latest versions of the Oracle and PeopleSoft applications: ? General Ledger| ? Project Costing| ? Accounts Payable| ? Human Resources| ?   Accounts Receivable| ? Payroll| ? Purchasing| ? Benefits| ? Asset Management| ? Compensation| Our technology management solutions will help you migrate hardware platforms, improve network and database performance, develop or refresh policies and rocedures, and develop sound disaster recovery and backup solutions. Please contact us to learn how Pinnacle Software Solutions can help you develop â€Å"solutions that fit†Ã‚  your enterprise. ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited ICICI Prudential life Insurance Company Limited was incorporated on 20th July 2000. The authorized capital of the company is Rs. 2300 million and the paid up capital is Rs. 1500 million. The company is joint venture of ICICI (74%) and UK based company Prudential Plc (26%). The company was granted certificate of registration for carrying business, by Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority on 24th November 2000.It commenced commercial operation from 19th December 2000 and becoming a leading private sector life insurance company. The company recognizes that the driving force for gaining sustainable competitive advantage in this business is superior customer experience and investment behind the brand. The company aims to achieve this by striving to provide world class service level trough constant innovation in product, distribution channels and technology based delivery. Vision and Mission Their vision is to make ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company the dominant new insurer in the life insurance industry. This they hope to achieve through their commitment to excellence, focus on service, speed and innovation, and leveraging our technological expertise.The success of the organisation will be founded on its strong focus on values and clarity of purpose. These include: *   Understanding the needs o f customers and offering them superior products and service *   Building long lasting relationships with their partners *   Providing an enabling environment to foster growth and learning for their employees And above all building transparency in all our dealings. They believe that they can play a significant role in redefining and reshaping the sector. Given the quality of their parentage and the commitment of their team, they feel that tere will be no limits to their growth. Board of DirectorsThe ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited Board comprises reputed people from the finance industry both from India and abroad. Shri K. V. Kamath, Chairman Mr. Mark Tucker Smt. Lalita D. Gupte Mr. Danny Bardin Mrs. Kalpana Morparia Shri M. P. Modi Mr. John Caouette Shri S. P. Subhedar, (Alternate Director to Mr. Danny Bardin)   Mr. Derek Stott, (Alternate Director to Mr. Mark Tucker) Smt. Shikha Sharma, Managing Director Management Team Ms. Shikha Sharma, Managing Director Mr. Kevin Wright, Executive Vice President – Sales & Distribution Ms. Madhavi Soman, Chief – Strategic Initiatives Mr. V. Rajagopalan, Appointed Actuary Mr. Sandeep Batra, Chief Financial Officer & Company Secretary Mr.Saugata Gupta, Chief – Marketing & Service Mr. Shubhro J. Mitra, Chief – Human Resources Corporate Office: ICCI Prulife Towers, 1089, Appasahab Marathe Marg, Prabhadevi, Mumbai 400 025. Telephone Number: 022-462 1600 Website :  www. iciciprulife. com ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company ICICI Lombard  General Insurance Company Limited is a 74:26 joint venture between ICICI Bank Limited and Canada based  Fairfax Financial Holdings  Limited. ICICI Bank  is India's second largest bank, while  Fairfax Financial Holdings  is a diversified financial corporate engaged in general  insurance,  reinsurance, insurance claims management and  Investment management.Lombard Canada Ltd, a group company of Fairfax Financial Holdings Limit ed, is one of Canada's oldest property and casualty insurers. ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company received regulatory approvals to commence general insurance business in August 2000. Board Members * Mr K V Kamath, Chairman * Mr R Athappan, Director * Mr B V Bhargava, Director * Mr Dileep Choksi, Director * Mr James F Dowd, Director * Ms Lalita D Gupte, Director * Ms Kalpana Morparia, Director * Mr S Mukherji, Director * Mr Chandran Ratnaswami, Director * Mr H N Sinor, Director * Mr Sandeep Bakhshi, Managing Director & CEO Audit Committee * Mr. S Mukherji, Chairman * Mr. Dileep Choksi, Director * Mr. James F Dowd, Director * Mr. H. N. Sinor, Director Investment Committee * Mr.Chandran Ratnaswami, Chairman * Ms. Kalpana Morparia, Director * Mr. Sandeep Bakhshi,, Managing Director & CEO * Mr. S Gopalakrishnan, Head – Investments * Mr. Rakesh Jain, Head-Finance & Accounts * Mr. Liyaquat Khan, Appointed Actuary Board Governance Committee * Ms. Kalpana Morparia, Chairperson * M r. Chandran Ratnaswami, Director * Mr. H. N. Sinor, Director Retail Segment of ICICI Lombard General Insurance : ICICI Lombard's Retail Segment consists of personal insurance products – Health, Home, Motor and Travel insurances. Health Insurance ICICI Lombard is known to be a pioneer in introducing innovative concepts in the Indian health Insurance sector.Be it the floater concept, the critical illness cover or the tax gain policy, all these were first introduced by ICICI Lombard. It was also one of the first general insurance companies in India to have a robust online system in place for buying and renewing policies. The various plans offered by ICICI Lombard include  Family Floater Plan  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ where one policy covers the entire family,  Health Advantage Plus  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ where they cover OPD and dental expenses, also help save maximum tax under section 80D and  Critical Illness plan  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a special policy covering a list of critical illnesses. They also have a basic  Personal Accident Plan  which covers against accidents. ICICI Lombard health plans also provide coverage against terrorism. Home InsuranceHome Insurance is actually one of the most neglected areas in the general insurance category. Simply, because people in general, especially in India, do not give much importance to it. However, in the recent years, due to the increase in awareness, and the great extent of damage caused to property due to natural calamities and terrorism, it has been gaining importance. The  Home Insurance Policyoffered by ICICI Lombard covers both the structure and the contents of the house. You can opt for either of the covers or both. Unlike other policies, it also covers damage due to terrorist activities, loss of cash, public liability, temporary resettlement and others. Motor InsuranceAs Motor Insurance is mandatory in India and is governed by the Motor Tariff Act, the policies offered by various companies are more or less the same. There is n ot much room for innovation in this category. ICICI Lombard too offers  Car Insurance  and  Two Wheeler Insurance. They are known to offer one of the best rates in the market. As the entire buying process is online and is instant, without any submission of documents or other formalities, people generally opt it for convenience. Travel Insurance Travel insurance is one of the most prominent sector of general insurance, especially overseas travel insurance and student medical insurance. ICICI Lombard offers various options in both the categories.The  Overseas Travel Plans  and  Student Medical Plans  offered cover medical and non-medical expenses, including compensation for flights hijacked and pre existing diseases in case of emergency. They charge on a per day basis if the travel is more than 7 days. ICICI Lombard has tied up with  United Health Group  to facilitate access to all its clinics while in U. S. The  Student Medical Plans  are accepted in almost univ ersities worldwide. They also have a section in their website,  University Search, where one can find specific plans for specific universities. All the above retail policies can be bought online, without any documentation through their website  www. icicilombard. com  . One can not only buy, but also manage and renew their insurance policies online. NRI ServicesICICI Lombard has developed insurance policies for  Non-resident Indians  that can be bought, renewed and tracked online. Parents' Health Insurance covers hospitalization and medical expenses incurred by parents of the policyholder in India. For parents' travelling outside India, ICICI Lombard offers a Parents' Overseas Travel Insurance policy. An  NRI  can insure his children/ dependents travelling abroad to study, under the Student Medical Insurance plan. Likewise, the Home Insurance and Car Insurance schemes enables an  NRI  to secure his assets in India. Channels Channel is the term used for the various approaches a company uses to tap its customers.ICICI Lombard uses a multi channel approach to ensure the sales, service and other allied activities are carried out in the most effective manner. Retail The Retail channel consists of sales executves, sales officers, brokers and agents. They are the one who are in direct contact with the customers and bring the innovative insurance solutions to their doorsteps. Online ICICI Lombard has developed a web-based system to meet all the pre and post-policy transaction. One can get quotes, buy, renew and track their policies onlin e through the website [www. icicilombard. com]. With the do-it-yourself architecture, the online channel is fast, convenient, easy to understand and operate. Technology ICICI use many type of advance technological software like Pinnacle 7. and Pinnacle7. 016. Among from this software ICICI bank uses the e-banking, core banking, mobile banking electronic display sy ICICI Bank was using Teradata for its data warehouse. However, due to its proprietary hardware, the cost of procurement, upgrades and administration was soaring. The closed box architecture of Teradata imposed restrictions on scalability. Secondly, querying and loading could not happen simultaneously. Queries could only be run during business hours because the loading of data had to take place during off-business hours. This meant that the refresh rate of EDW was delayed, so queries may not reflect the most current data.ICICI Bank was also dependent on Teradata for support and